Novel cyclometalated iridium (III) complexes as antibacterial agents for photodynamic inactivation
Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) frequently cause chronic skin and soft tissue infections and device-related infections. These bacteria colonize human skin and can survive for long periods within biofilms, on indwelling medical devices, high touch surfaces and equipme...
| Autores: | , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Tipo de recurso: | artículo |
| Estado: | Versión publicada |
| Fecha de publicación: | 2025 |
| País: | España |
| Institución: | Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) |
| Repositorio: | DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:digital.csic.es:10261/391555 |
| Acceso en línea: | http://hdl.handle.net/10261/391555 |
| Access Level: | acceso abierto |
| Palabra clave: | Cyclometalated iridium(III) complex Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy Photosensitizer Singlet oxygen Photo-sterilisation Transient spectroscopy Electrochemistry |
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España |
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| dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Novel cyclometalated iridium (III) complexes as antibacterial agents for photodynamic inactivation |
| title |
Novel cyclometalated iridium (III) complexes as antibacterial agents for photodynamic inactivation |
| spellingShingle |
Novel cyclometalated iridium (III) complexes as antibacterial agents for photodynamic inactivation Fallon, Muireann Cyclometalated iridium(III) complex Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy Photosensitizer Singlet oxygen Photo-sterilisation Transient spectroscopy Electrochemistry |
| title_short |
Novel cyclometalated iridium (III) complexes as antibacterial agents for photodynamic inactivation |
| title_full |
Novel cyclometalated iridium (III) complexes as antibacterial agents for photodynamic inactivation |
| title_fullStr |
Novel cyclometalated iridium (III) complexes as antibacterial agents for photodynamic inactivation |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Novel cyclometalated iridium (III) complexes as antibacterial agents for photodynamic inactivation |
| title_sort |
Novel cyclometalated iridium (III) complexes as antibacterial agents for photodynamic inactivation |
| dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv |
Fallon, Muireann Lalrempuia, Ralte Tabrizi, Leila Brandon, Michael P. McGarry, Ross Cullen, Aoibhín Fernández-Álvarez, Francisco J. Pryce, Mary T. Fitzgerald-Hughes, Deirdre |
| author |
Fallon, Muireann |
| author_facet |
Fallon, Muireann Lalrempuia, Ralte Tabrizi, Leila Brandon, Michael P. McGarry, Ross Cullen, Aoibhín Fernández-Álvarez, Francisco J. Pryce, Mary T. Fitzgerald-Hughes, Deirdre |
| author_role |
author |
| author2 |
Lalrempuia, Ralte Tabrizi, Leila Brandon, Michael P. McGarry, Ross Cullen, Aoibhín Fernández-Álvarez, Francisco J. Pryce, Mary T. Fitzgerald-Hughes, Deirdre |
| author2_role |
author author author author author author author author |
| dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Department of Further and Higher Education, Research, Innovation and Science (Ireland) European Commission Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72] |
| dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv |
Cyclometalated iridium(III) complex Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy Photosensitizer Singlet oxygen Photo-sterilisation Transient spectroscopy Electrochemistry |
| topic |
Cyclometalated iridium(III) complex Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy Photosensitizer Singlet oxygen Photo-sterilisation Transient spectroscopy Electrochemistry |
| description |
Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) frequently cause chronic skin and soft tissue infections and device-related infections. These bacteria colonize human skin and can survive for long periods within biofilms, on indwelling medical devices, high touch surfaces and equipment in the healthcare setting, which are reservoirs for further transmission to patients. Photodynamic therapy may offer an alternative to antibiotics in the management of infections or photodynamic disinfection may limit transmission of specific pathogens in the healthcare setting. Two novel cyclometalated iridium (III) complexes [Ir(ppy)2L](PF6) (ppy: phenyl pyridine, L = 6-((2,6-diisopropylphenyl)amino)-5,6-dihydro-1,10-phenanthrolin-5-ol (Ir1) and L = N-(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-1,10-phenanthrolin-5-amine (Ir2)) were synthesized and evaluated for their antimicrobial properties when activated by light (370 nm). Iridium complexes (Ir1 and Ir2) led to potent inactivation of planktonic Staphylococcus aureus at 5 µM (almost 5 log10 reduction in colony forming units (CFU)/mL) after light exposure (p ≤ 0.01 for dark vs light). Dark toxicity was < 1 log10. Under the same conditions, Escherichia coli killing was < 1 log10. Anti-staphylococcal activity was concentration-dependant over the range 0.1 µM − 5 µM (p ≤ 0.001, Ir1, p ≤ 0.01 Ir2). Anti-biofilm activity was observed against mature (72 h) biofilms of S. aureus including methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) biofilms but higher concentrations (50 μM) were required. Treatment with Ir1 or Ir2 resulted in removal of 20 – 32 % of biofilm biomass as measured by crystal violet staining and 24 – 73 % reduction in the metabolic activity of cells within the biofilm, using resazurin reduction assays. Cytotoxicity to cultured human keratinocytes was minimal at antimicrobial concentrations but increased with higher concentrations, for Ir1 but not Ir2 (Ir1 p ≤ 0.01, 5 Vs 50 μM). The quantum yield for singlet oxygen (1O2) emission was measured as 0.16 and 0.30 for Ir1 and Ir2 respectively. Ground and excited state UV–Vis absorption, steady-state and time-resolved studies together with cyclic voltammetry are also presented. In summary, the potent and rapid antimicrobial activity of these cyclometalated iridium (III) complexes against S. aureus and MRSA, which included biofilm eradication, highlight their potential in the management or prevention of device-associated infections or healthcare transmission involving these pathogens. |
| publishDate |
2025 |
| dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2025 2025 2025 |
| dc.type.none.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 Publisher's version info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
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article |
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publishedVersion |
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http://hdl.handle.net/10261/391555 |
| url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10261/391555 |
| dc.language.none.fl_str_mv |
Inglés |
| language_invalid_str_mv |
Inglés |
| dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
#PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE# info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/799778 The underlying dataset has been published as supplementary material of the article in the publisher platform at DOI 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2024.116218 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotochem.2024.116218 Sí |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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openAccess |
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application/pdf |
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Elsevier |
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Elsevier |
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reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC instname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) |
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Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) |
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DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC |
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DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC |
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1869413731028434944 |
| spelling |
Novel cyclometalated iridium (III) complexes as antibacterial agents for photodynamic inactivationFallon, MuireannLalrempuia, RalteTabrizi, LeilaBrandon, Michael P.McGarry, RossCullen, AoibhínFernández-Álvarez, Francisco J.Pryce, Mary T.Fitzgerald-Hughes, DeirdreCyclometalated iridium(III) complexAntimicrobial photodynamic therapyPhotosensitizerSinglet oxygenPhoto-sterilisationTransient spectroscopyElectrochemistryStaphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) frequently cause chronic skin and soft tissue infections and device-related infections. These bacteria colonize human skin and can survive for long periods within biofilms, on indwelling medical devices, high touch surfaces and equipment in the healthcare setting, which are reservoirs for further transmission to patients. Photodynamic therapy may offer an alternative to antibiotics in the management of infections or photodynamic disinfection may limit transmission of specific pathogens in the healthcare setting. Two novel cyclometalated iridium (III) complexes [Ir(ppy)2L](PF6) (ppy: phenyl pyridine, L = 6-((2,6-diisopropylphenyl)amino)-5,6-dihydro-1,10-phenanthrolin-5-ol (Ir1) and L = N-(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-1,10-phenanthrolin-5-amine (Ir2)) were synthesized and evaluated for their antimicrobial properties when activated by light (370 nm). Iridium complexes (Ir1 and Ir2) led to potent inactivation of planktonic Staphylococcus aureus at 5 µM (almost 5 log10 reduction in colony forming units (CFU)/mL) after light exposure (p ≤ 0.01 for dark vs light). Dark toxicity was < 1 log10. Under the same conditions, Escherichia coli killing was < 1 log10. Anti-staphylococcal activity was concentration-dependant over the range 0.1 µM − 5 µM (p ≤ 0.001, Ir1, p ≤ 0.01 Ir2). Anti-biofilm activity was observed against mature (72 h) biofilms of S. aureus including methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) biofilms but higher concentrations (50 μM) were required. Treatment with Ir1 or Ir2 resulted in removal of 20 – 32 % of biofilm biomass as measured by crystal violet staining and 24 – 73 % reduction in the metabolic activity of cells within the biofilm, using resazurin reduction assays. Cytotoxicity to cultured human keratinocytes was minimal at antimicrobial concentrations but increased with higher concentrations, for Ir1 but not Ir2 (Ir1 p ≤ 0.01, 5 Vs 50 μM). The quantum yield for singlet oxygen (1O2) emission was measured as 0.16 and 0.30 for Ir1 and Ir2 respectively. Ground and excited state UV–Vis absorption, steady-state and time-resolved studies together with cyclic voltammetry are also presented. In summary, the potent and rapid antimicrobial activity of these cyclometalated iridium (III) complexes against S. aureus and MRSA, which included biofilm eradication, highlight their potential in the management or prevention of device-associated infections or healthcare transmission involving these pathogens.Funding for this project is gratefully acknowledged from Research Ireland (RI) (19/FFP/6882, 19/FFP/6956), the European Commission, through a Marie Sklodowska − Curie Fellowship to RL (No. 799778) and the EU Commission Recovery and Resilience Facility under the Research Ireland, Healthy Environment for All, Challenge Grant Number 22/NCF/HE/11252.Peer reviewedElsevierDepartment of Further and Higher Education, Research, Innovation and Science (Ireland)European CommissionConsejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72]202520252025info:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501Publisher's versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10261/391555reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSICinstname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)Inglés#PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE#info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/799778The underlying dataset has been published as supplementary material of the article in the publisher platform at DOI 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2024.116218https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotochem.2024.116218Síinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:digital.csic.es:10261/3915552026-05-22T06:33:51Z |
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15,811543 |