First Molecular Evidence of Equine Herpesvirus Type 1 (EHV-1) in Ocular Swabs of Clinically Affected Horses

Equine Herpesvirus Type 1 (EHV-1) is a significant pathogen within the Alphaherpesvirinae subfamily, causing respiratory disease, abortions, and, in severe cases, equine herpesvirus myeloencephalopathy (EHM). While nasal swabs and blood samples are commonly used for real-time polymerase chain reacti...

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Autores: Musoles-Cuenca, Beatriz, Padilla-Blanco, Miguel, Vitale, Valentina, Lorenzo-Bermejo, Teresa, de la Cuesta-Torrado, María, Ballester, Beatriz, Maiques, Elisa, Rubio-Guerri, Consuelo, Velloso Alvarez, Ana
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2025
País:España
Institución:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
Repositorio:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
OAI Identifier:oai:digital.csic.es:10261/422714
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/10261/422714
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:EHM
EHV-1
horses
ocular swabs
Valencian Community 2023 outbreak
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spelling First Molecular Evidence of Equine Herpesvirus Type 1 (EHV-1) in Ocular Swabs of Clinically Affected HorsesMusoles-Cuenca, BeatrizPadilla-Blanco, MiguelVitale, ValentinaLorenzo-Bermejo, Teresade la Cuesta-Torrado, MaríaBallester, BeatrizMaiques, ElisaRubio-Guerri, ConsueloVelloso Alvarez, AnaEHMEHV-1horsesocular swabsValencian Community 2023 outbreakEquine Herpesvirus Type 1 (EHV-1) is a significant pathogen within the Alphaherpesvirinae subfamily, causing respiratory disease, abortions, and, in severe cases, equine herpesvirus myeloencephalopathy (EHM). While nasal swabs and blood samples are commonly used for real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) diagnosis, variability in viral shedding necessitates exploring additional sample types. This study reports the first molecular detection of EHV-1 in ocular swabs from naturally infected horses during an outbreak in the Valencian Community in 2023. Nasal and ocular swabs were collected from ten symptomatic horses and analyzed via RT-PCR. EHV-1 was detected in all cases, with higher viral loads in nasal samples. Although nasal swabs remain the most reliable sample for EHV-1 detection, the presence of viral DNA in tear fluid suggests a previously unrecognized route of viral shedding. These findings support further investigation into the role of ocular secretions in the pathogenesis and epidemiology of EHV-1. Additional studies are needed to determine the clinical relevance and potential utility of ocular swabs in specific outbreak scenarios.This research received no external fundingPeer reviewedModelo experimental animalMamíferos - Otros mamíferosMultidisciplinary Digital Publishing InstituteMusoles-Cuenca, Beatriz [0009-0007-4783-2647]Padilla-Blanco, Miguel [0000-0002-4820-6417]Vitale, Valentina [0000-0003-2273-5377]Lorenzo-Bermejo, Teresa [0009-0003-3830-216X]de la Cuesta-Torrado, María [0009-0001-4183-4226]Ballester, Beatriz [0000-0003-3059-6426]Maiques, ElisaRubio-Guerri, Consuelo [0000-0001-9001-0437]Velloso Alvarez, Ana [0000-0001-6526-8436]Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72]202620262025info:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501Publisher's versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10261/422714reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSICinstname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)Ingléshttp://dox.doi.org/ 10.3390/v17060862Síinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:digital.csic.es:10261/4227142026-05-22T06:33:51Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv First Molecular Evidence of Equine Herpesvirus Type 1 (EHV-1) in Ocular Swabs of Clinically Affected Horses
title First Molecular Evidence of Equine Herpesvirus Type 1 (EHV-1) in Ocular Swabs of Clinically Affected Horses
spellingShingle First Molecular Evidence of Equine Herpesvirus Type 1 (EHV-1) in Ocular Swabs of Clinically Affected Horses
Musoles-Cuenca, Beatriz
EHM
EHV-1
horses
ocular swabs
Valencian Community 2023 outbreak
title_short First Molecular Evidence of Equine Herpesvirus Type 1 (EHV-1) in Ocular Swabs of Clinically Affected Horses
title_full First Molecular Evidence of Equine Herpesvirus Type 1 (EHV-1) in Ocular Swabs of Clinically Affected Horses
title_fullStr First Molecular Evidence of Equine Herpesvirus Type 1 (EHV-1) in Ocular Swabs of Clinically Affected Horses
title_full_unstemmed First Molecular Evidence of Equine Herpesvirus Type 1 (EHV-1) in Ocular Swabs of Clinically Affected Horses
title_sort First Molecular Evidence of Equine Herpesvirus Type 1 (EHV-1) in Ocular Swabs of Clinically Affected Horses
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Musoles-Cuenca, Beatriz
Padilla-Blanco, Miguel
Vitale, Valentina
Lorenzo-Bermejo, Teresa
de la Cuesta-Torrado, María
Ballester, Beatriz
Maiques, Elisa
Rubio-Guerri, Consuelo
Velloso Alvarez, Ana
author Musoles-Cuenca, Beatriz
author_facet Musoles-Cuenca, Beatriz
Padilla-Blanco, Miguel
Vitale, Valentina
Lorenzo-Bermejo, Teresa
de la Cuesta-Torrado, María
Ballester, Beatriz
Maiques, Elisa
Rubio-Guerri, Consuelo
Velloso Alvarez, Ana
author_role author
author2 Padilla-Blanco, Miguel
Vitale, Valentina
Lorenzo-Bermejo, Teresa
de la Cuesta-Torrado, María
Ballester, Beatriz
Maiques, Elisa
Rubio-Guerri, Consuelo
Velloso Alvarez, Ana
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Musoles-Cuenca, Beatriz [0009-0007-4783-2647]
Padilla-Blanco, Miguel [0000-0002-4820-6417]
Vitale, Valentina [0000-0003-2273-5377]
Lorenzo-Bermejo, Teresa [0009-0003-3830-216X]
de la Cuesta-Torrado, María [0009-0001-4183-4226]
Ballester, Beatriz [0000-0003-3059-6426]
Maiques, Elisa
Rubio-Guerri, Consuelo [0000-0001-9001-0437]
Velloso Alvarez, Ana [0000-0001-6526-8436]
Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72]
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv EHM
EHV-1
horses
ocular swabs
Valencian Community 2023 outbreak
topic EHM
EHV-1
horses
ocular swabs
Valencian Community 2023 outbreak
description Equine Herpesvirus Type 1 (EHV-1) is a significant pathogen within the Alphaherpesvirinae subfamily, causing respiratory disease, abortions, and, in severe cases, equine herpesvirus myeloencephalopathy (EHM). While nasal swabs and blood samples are commonly used for real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) diagnosis, variability in viral shedding necessitates exploring additional sample types. This study reports the first molecular detection of EHV-1 in ocular swabs from naturally infected horses during an outbreak in the Valencian Community in 2023. Nasal and ocular swabs were collected from ten symptomatic horses and analyzed via RT-PCR. EHV-1 was detected in all cases, with higher viral loads in nasal samples. Although nasal swabs remain the most reliable sample for EHV-1 detection, the presence of viral DNA in tear fluid suggests a previously unrecognized route of viral shedding. These findings support further investigation into the role of ocular secretions in the pathogenesis and epidemiology of EHV-1. Additional studies are needed to determine the clinical relevance and potential utility of ocular swabs in specific outbreak scenarios.
publishDate 2025
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2025
2026
2026
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
Publisher's version
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10261/422714
url http://hdl.handle.net/10261/422714
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv http://dox.doi.org/ 10.3390/v17060862
Sí
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
instname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
instname_str Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
reponame_str DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
collection DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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score 15,812429

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