First Molecular Evidence of Equine Herpesvirus Type 1 (EHV-1) in Ocular Swabs of Clinically Affected Horses

Equine Herpesvirus Type 1 (EHV-1) is a significant pathogen within the Alphaherpesvirinae subfamily, causing respiratory disease, abortions, and, in severe cases, equine herpesvirus myeloencephalopathy (EHM). While nasal swabs and blood samples are commonly used for real-time polymerase chain reacti...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Musoles-Cuenca, Beatriz, Padilla-Blanco, Miguel, Vitale, Valentina, Lorenzo-Bermejo, Teresa, de la Cuesta-Torrado, María, Ballester, Beatriz, Maiques, Elisa, Rubio-Guerri, Consuelo, Velloso Alvarez, Ana
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2025
País:España
Institución:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
Repositorio:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
OAI Identifier:oai:digital.csic.es:10261/422714
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/10261/422714
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:EHM
EHV-1
horses
ocular swabs
Valencian Community 2023 outbreak
Descripción
Sumario:Equine Herpesvirus Type 1 (EHV-1) is a significant pathogen within the Alphaherpesvirinae subfamily, causing respiratory disease, abortions, and, in severe cases, equine herpesvirus myeloencephalopathy (EHM). While nasal swabs and blood samples are commonly used for real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) diagnosis, variability in viral shedding necessitates exploring additional sample types. This study reports the first molecular detection of EHV-1 in ocular swabs from naturally infected horses during an outbreak in the Valencian Community in 2023. Nasal and ocular swabs were collected from ten symptomatic horses and analyzed via RT-PCR. EHV-1 was detected in all cases, with higher viral loads in nasal samples. Although nasal swabs remain the most reliable sample for EHV-1 detection, the presence of viral DNA in tear fluid suggests a previously unrecognized route of viral shedding. These findings support further investigation into the role of ocular secretions in the pathogenesis and epidemiology of EHV-1. Additional studies are needed to determine the clinical relevance and potential utility of ocular swabs in specific outbreak scenarios.