Evaluating Cost Allocation Methods in Energy Communities: an assessment framework based on Fairness and Efficiency

The energy transition, driven by pressure from climate change, dependence on fossil fuels, and a growing social awareness of environmental sustainability, places Energy Communities (ECs) as a key vehicle to democratise the energy system and accelerate this transformation. ECs enable groups of prosum...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autor: González Asenjo, David
Tipo de recurso: tesis doctoral
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2025
País:España
Institución:Universidad de Burgos (UBU)
Repositorio:Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Burgos (RIUBU)
OAI Identifier:oai:riubu.ubu.es:10259/11084
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/10259/11084
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Energy Communities
Cost Allocation
Fairness
Efficiency
Local Energy Market
Game Theory
Comunidades Energéticas
Asignación de Costes
Justicia
Eficiencia
Mercado Energético Local
Teoría de Juegos
Transición energética
Energy transition
5312.05 Energía
1203.26 Simulación
1207.06 Teoría de Juegos
3322.01 Distribución de la Energía
Descripción
Sumario:The energy transition, driven by pressure from climate change, dependence on fossil fuels, and a growing social awareness of environmental sustainability, places Energy Communities (ECs) as a key vehicle to democratise the energy system and accelerate this transformation. ECs enable groups of prosumers to cooperate in local energy exchange, generating added economic value in the process. However, their successful implementation faces several challenges, such as the fair and efficient allocation of the costs and benefits generated by that cooperation. The scientific literature has explored various cost allocation methods. However, there is a lack of a unified framework to evaluate and compare them systematically. Concepts like fairness, efficiency, and stability are fundamental for the social acceptance and long-term sustainability of ECs, but their definitions in the literature often lack precision and objectivity. The main objective of this thesis is to design and validate a methodological framework for evaluating cost-allocation methods within Energy Communities. Our working methodology adopts a dual approach, combining rigorous theoretical analysis with data-driven simulations. We define an EC archetype that leads to the formalisation of a local energy-market (LEM) economic model based on a market clearing algorithm and a cost/benefit allocation algorithm within the community. We evaluate several families of cost-allocation methods: Price-Based (PB), RuleBased (RB), Surplus-Based (SB), and Game-Theoretic (GT). To overcome the subjectivity of traditional principles, we establish a set of eight desirable properties with precise, objective mathematical formulations: parity among equals, disparity among unequals, pareto efficiency, beneficial individual participation, rank correlation between costs and overconsumption, smoothness, environmental friendliness, and beneficial group participation (stability).