Preparation of high efficiency Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4solar cells based on a single-step sulfo-selenization process

[eng] Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 (CZTSSe) kesterite semiconductors have been proposed as a potential medium to long term replacement of Cu(In,Ga)(S,Se)2 (CIGS) chalcopyrites for sustainable cost-efficient thin film technologies compatible with mass deployment at Terawatt level, being only constituted by element...

ver descrição completa

Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor: Xie, Haibing
Formato: tesis doctoral
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2016
País:España
Recursos:Universidad de Barcelona
Repositorio:Dipòsit Digital de la UB
OAI Identifier:oai:diposit.ub.edu:2445/107212
Acesso em linha:https://hdl.handle.net/2445/107212
http://hdl.handle.net/10803/400605
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palavra-chave:Cèl·lules solars
Aiguafort
Interfícies (Ciències físiques)
Solar cells
Etching
Interfaces (Physical sciences)
id ES_8bb6da617b4620b0d1cb6060b4be21d1
oai_identifier_str oai:diposit.ub.edu:2445/107212
network_acronym_str ES
network_name_str España
repository_id_str
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Preparation of high efficiency Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4solar cells based on a single-step sulfo-selenization process
title Preparation of high efficiency Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4solar cells based on a single-step sulfo-selenization process
spellingShingle Preparation of high efficiency Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4solar cells based on a single-step sulfo-selenization process
Xie, Haibing
Cèl·lules solars
Aiguafort
Interfícies (Ciències físiques)
Solar cells
Etching
Interfaces (Physical sciences)
title_short Preparation of high efficiency Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4solar cells based on a single-step sulfo-selenization process
title_full Preparation of high efficiency Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4solar cells based on a single-step sulfo-selenization process
title_fullStr Preparation of high efficiency Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4solar cells based on a single-step sulfo-selenization process
title_full_unstemmed Preparation of high efficiency Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4solar cells based on a single-step sulfo-selenization process
title_sort Preparation of high efficiency Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4solar cells based on a single-step sulfo-selenization process
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Xie, Haibing
author Xie, Haibing
author_facet Xie, Haibing
author_role author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Pérez Rodríguez, Alejandro
Universitat de Barcelona. Departament d'Electrònica
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Cèl·lules solars
Aiguafort
Interfícies (Ciències físiques)
Solar cells
Etching
Interfaces (Physical sciences)
topic Cèl·lules solars
Aiguafort
Interfícies (Ciències físiques)
Solar cells
Etching
Interfaces (Physical sciences)
description [eng] Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 (CZTSSe) kesterite semiconductors have been proposed as a potential medium to long term replacement of Cu(In,Ga)(S,Se)2 (CIGS) chalcopyrites for sustainable cost-efficient thin film technologies compatible with mass deployment at Terawatt level, being only constituted by elements abundant in the earth crust in contrast with the scarce Indium in CIGS. In this thesis, high efficiency CZTSSe solar cells were fabricated based on a single-step sulfo-selenization process. CZTSSe absorbers with optimal S/(S+Se) ratio, minimized Zn(S,Se) secondary phases in the interfaces, and good crystal quality were achieved through systematically fine tuning of various processing parameters during thermal treatments. The thermodynamic equilibrium of the single-step sulfo-selenization process was also analysed to elucidate the impact of different parameters on the thin films S/(S+Se) ratio. Besides, to address the big challenge of secondary phases in CZTSSe solar cells, an innovative (NH4)2S etching was developed for the selective and effective removal of Sn-(S,Se) secondary phases. This (NH4)2S etching can also passivate the absorber surface and a passivation mechanism was proposed to explain this behaviour. To further improve the efficiency of the CZTSSe solar cells, the CZTSSe/CdS interface was focused and engineered. Na spatial distribution in the CZTSSe/CdS interface region was optimized by a post low temperature treatment process (PLTT), leading to considerable enhancement of the performance of CZTSSe solar cells. An innovative Na dynamics model was established to illustrate the Na in-depth profiles. In addition, Cu doped CdS was investigated to reduce the thickness of CdS while keeping the comparable performance of the kesterite devices, which provides new possibilities to address the Cd concern. Finally, to suppress the CZTSSe/CdS interface recombination and reduce the Voc deficit of the CZTSSe solar cells, a facile wet chemical route based on AlCl3/GaCl3 + thioacetamide solutions were developed. The Voc and efficiency improvement after the chemical treatments can be mainly ascribed to the decrease of interface recombination and shunt paths. A champion CZTSSe solar cell with 9.1% efficiency and FF over 69% was achieved after all these processing optimizations (no ARC). This demonstrates that the single-step sulfo-selenization methodology is promising and feasible for obtaining high efficiency CZTSSe solar cells. selenization methodology is promising and feasible for obtaining high efficiency CZTSSe solar cells.
publishDate 2016
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2016
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format doctoralThesis
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://hdl.handle.net/2445/107212
http://hdl.handle.net/10803/400605
url https://hdl.handle.net/2445/107212
http://hdl.handle.net/10803/400605
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv (c) Xie,, 2016
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv (c) Xie,, 2016
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Universitat de Barcelona
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Universitat de Barcelona
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv Tesis Doctorals - Departament - Electrònica
reponame:Dipòsit Digital de la UB
instname:Universidad de Barcelona
instname_str Universidad de Barcelona
reponame_str Dipòsit Digital de la UB
collection Dipòsit Digital de la UB
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
_version_ 1869412845476642816
spelling Preparation of high efficiency Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4solar cells based on a single-step sulfo-selenization processXie, HaibingCèl·lules solarsAiguafortInterfícies (Ciències físiques)Solar cellsEtchingInterfaces (Physical sciences)[eng] Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 (CZTSSe) kesterite semiconductors have been proposed as a potential medium to long term replacement of Cu(In,Ga)(S,Se)2 (CIGS) chalcopyrites for sustainable cost-efficient thin film technologies compatible with mass deployment at Terawatt level, being only constituted by elements abundant in the earth crust in contrast with the scarce Indium in CIGS. In this thesis, high efficiency CZTSSe solar cells were fabricated based on a single-step sulfo-selenization process. CZTSSe absorbers with optimal S/(S+Se) ratio, minimized Zn(S,Se) secondary phases in the interfaces, and good crystal quality were achieved through systematically fine tuning of various processing parameters during thermal treatments. The thermodynamic equilibrium of the single-step sulfo-selenization process was also analysed to elucidate the impact of different parameters on the thin films S/(S+Se) ratio. Besides, to address the big challenge of secondary phases in CZTSSe solar cells, an innovative (NH4)2S etching was developed for the selective and effective removal of Sn-(S,Se) secondary phases. This (NH4)2S etching can also passivate the absorber surface and a passivation mechanism was proposed to explain this behaviour. To further improve the efficiency of the CZTSSe solar cells, the CZTSSe/CdS interface was focused and engineered. Na spatial distribution in the CZTSSe/CdS interface region was optimized by a post low temperature treatment process (PLTT), leading to considerable enhancement of the performance of CZTSSe solar cells. An innovative Na dynamics model was established to illustrate the Na in-depth profiles. In addition, Cu doped CdS was investigated to reduce the thickness of CdS while keeping the comparable performance of the kesterite devices, which provides new possibilities to address the Cd concern. Finally, to suppress the CZTSSe/CdS interface recombination and reduce the Voc deficit of the CZTSSe solar cells, a facile wet chemical route based on AlCl3/GaCl3 + thioacetamide solutions were developed. The Voc and efficiency improvement after the chemical treatments can be mainly ascribed to the decrease of interface recombination and shunt paths. A champion CZTSSe solar cell with 9.1% efficiency and FF over 69% was achieved after all these processing optimizations (no ARC). This demonstrates that the single-step sulfo-selenization methodology is promising and feasible for obtaining high efficiency CZTSSe solar cells. selenization methodology is promising and feasible for obtaining high efficiency CZTSSe solar cells.[spa] Las Kesteritas (Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 o CZTSSe) están llamadas a sustituir a las calcopiritas (Cu(In,Ga)(S,Se)2 o CIGS) como tecnología fotovoltaica de película fina ya que están formadas únicamente por elementos abundantes en la corteza terrestre. En esta tesis, se han fabricado células solares de CZTSSe de alta eficiencia mediante un proceso de sulfo-selenización de un solo paso. Se ha conseguido obtener absorbedores CZTSSe con una ratio S/(S+Se) óptima, un contenido reducido de fases secundarias Zn(S,Se) interfaciales y una calidad cristalina alta a través de la optimización de los parámetros involucrados en los tratamientos térmicos. También se ha realizado un análisis del equilibrio termodinámico durante el proceso de sulfo-selenización para discernir el impacto de dichos parámetros en la ratio final S/(S+Se) de las películas de CZTSSe. Además, se ha abordado la importantísima cuestión de las fases secundarias en las células solares de CZTSSe mediante el desarrollo de un ataque químico con (NH4)2S para la eliminación selectiva de las fases secundarias Sn(S, Se). Se ha comprobado que este ataque químico también tiene efectos pasivantes en la superficie del absorbedor y se propuso un mecanismo para explicar este comportamiento. También se ha llevado a cabo una modificación de la interfaz CZTSSe/CdS optimizando la distribución espacial de Na a través de un proceso post-recocido a baja temperatura que ha conducido a una mejora sustancial del funcionamiento de las células solares. Se propuso un modelo para explicar los perfiles de Na observados. Adicionalmente, se ha investigado el dopaje con Cu de la capa búfer de CdS para reducir su espesor manteniendo un rendimiento similar de los dispositivos fotovoltaicos y minimizar los problemas relacionados con el uso de Cd. Finalmente, se ha desarrollado un tratamiento químico húmedo basado en AlCl3/GaCl3+tioacetamida para reducir la recombinación en la interfaz CZTSSe/CdS mejorando el Voc y la eficiencia de los dispositivos fotovoltaicos. Todo ello, ha conducido a la obtención de una célula solar récord de CZTSSe con un 9.1% de eficiencia y un FF por encima del 69% que demuestra que la sulfo-selenización de un solo paso es una manera viable y prometedora para obtener células solares de CZTSSe de alta eficiencia.Universitat de BarcelonaPérez Rodríguez, AlejandroUniversitat de Barcelona. Departament d'Electrònica2016info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesisinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdfhttps://hdl.handle.net/2445/107212http://hdl.handle.net/10803/400605Tesis Doctorals - Departament - Electrònicareponame:Dipòsit Digital de la UBinstname:Universidad de BarcelonaInglés(c) Xie,, 2016info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:diposit.ub.edu:2445/1072122026-05-27T06:46:51Z
score 15,300719

Registos relacionados