Learned predictiveness acquired through experience prevails over the influence of conflicting verbal instructions in rapid selective attention.

Previous studies have provided evidence that selective attention tends to prioritize the processing of stimuli that are good predictors of upcoming events over nonpredictive stimuli. Moreover, studies using eye-tracking to measure attention demonstrate that this attentional bias towards predictive s...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Cobos, Pedro L, Vadillo, Miguel A, Luque, David, Le Pelley, Mike E
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2018
País:España
Institución:Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII)
Repositorio:Repisalud
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:repisalud.isciii.es:20.500.12105/17630
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12105/17630
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Adult
Attention
Female
Humans
Male
Memory
Verbal Learning
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repository_id_str
spelling Learned predictiveness acquired through experience prevails over the influence of conflicting verbal instructions in rapid selective attention.Cobos, Pedro LVadillo, Miguel ALuque, DavidLe Pelley, Mike EAdultAttentionFemaleHumansMaleMemoryVerbal LearningPrevious studies have provided evidence that selective attention tends to prioritize the processing of stimuli that are good predictors of upcoming events over nonpredictive stimuli. Moreover, studies using eye-tracking to measure attention demonstrate that this attentional bias towards predictive stimuli is at least partially under voluntary control and can be flexibly adapted via instruction. Our experiment took a similar approach to these prior studies, manipulating participants' experience of the predictiveness of different stimuli over the course of trial-by-trial training; we then provided explicit verbal instructions regarding stimulus predictiveness that were designed to be either consistent or inconsistent with the previously established learned predictiveness. Critically, we measured the effects of training and instruction on attention to stimuli using a dot probe task, which allowed us to assess rapid shifts of attention (unlike the eye-gaze measures used in previous studies). Results revealed a rapid attentional bias towards stimuli experienced as predictive (versus those experienced as nonpredictive), that was completely unaffected by verbal instructions. This was not due to participants' failure to recall or use instructions appropriately, as revealed by analyses of their learning about stimuli, and their memory for instructions. Overall, these findings suggest that rapid attentional biases such as those measured by the dot probe task are more strongly influenced by our prior experience during training than by our current explicit knowledge acquired via instruction.20242024-02-0820182018-09-1420182018-09-14research articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1VoRhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85info:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12105/17630reponame:Repisaludinstname:Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII)Inglésengopen accesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Attribution 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:repisalud.isciii.es:20.500.12105/176302026-06-12T12:43:37Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Learned predictiveness acquired through experience prevails over the influence of conflicting verbal instructions in rapid selective attention.
title Learned predictiveness acquired through experience prevails over the influence of conflicting verbal instructions in rapid selective attention.
spellingShingle Learned predictiveness acquired through experience prevails over the influence of conflicting verbal instructions in rapid selective attention.
Cobos, Pedro L
Adult
Attention
Female
Humans
Male
Memory
Verbal Learning
title_short Learned predictiveness acquired through experience prevails over the influence of conflicting verbal instructions in rapid selective attention.
title_full Learned predictiveness acquired through experience prevails over the influence of conflicting verbal instructions in rapid selective attention.
title_fullStr Learned predictiveness acquired through experience prevails over the influence of conflicting verbal instructions in rapid selective attention.
title_full_unstemmed Learned predictiveness acquired through experience prevails over the influence of conflicting verbal instructions in rapid selective attention.
title_sort Learned predictiveness acquired through experience prevails over the influence of conflicting verbal instructions in rapid selective attention.
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Cobos, Pedro L
Vadillo, Miguel A
Luque, David
Le Pelley, Mike E
author Cobos, Pedro L
author_facet Cobos, Pedro L
Vadillo, Miguel A
Luque, David
Le Pelley, Mike E
author_role author
author2 Vadillo, Miguel A
Luque, David
Le Pelley, Mike E
author2_role author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Adult
Attention
Female
Humans
Male
Memory
Verbal Learning
topic Adult
Attention
Female
Humans
Male
Memory
Verbal Learning
description Previous studies have provided evidence that selective attention tends to prioritize the processing of stimuli that are good predictors of upcoming events over nonpredictive stimuli. Moreover, studies using eye-tracking to measure attention demonstrate that this attentional bias towards predictive stimuli is at least partially under voluntary control and can be flexibly adapted via instruction. Our experiment took a similar approach to these prior studies, manipulating participants' experience of the predictiveness of different stimuli over the course of trial-by-trial training; we then provided explicit verbal instructions regarding stimulus predictiveness that were designed to be either consistent or inconsistent with the previously established learned predictiveness. Critically, we measured the effects of training and instruction on attention to stimuli using a dot probe task, which allowed us to assess rapid shifts of attention (unlike the eye-gaze measures used in previous studies). Results revealed a rapid attentional bias towards stimuli experienced as predictive (versus those experienced as nonpredictive), that was completely unaffected by verbal instructions. This was not due to participants' failure to recall or use instructions appropriately, as revealed by analyses of their learning about stimuli, and their memory for instructions. Overall, these findings suggest that rapid attentional biases such as those measured by the dot probe task are more strongly influenced by our prior experience during training than by our current explicit knowledge acquired via instruction.
publishDate 2018
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2018
2018-09-14
2018
2018-09-14
2024
2024-02-08
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv research article
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1
VoR
http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
dc.type.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
format article
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12105/17630
url http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12105/17630
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
eng
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
language eng
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
Attribution 4.0 International
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.rights.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
Attribution 4.0 International
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Repisalud
instname:Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII)
instname_str Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII)
reponame_str Repisalud
collection Repisalud
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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score 15.811543

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