Ocean monitoring using L-Band microwave radiometry and GNSS-R

The knowledge of sea surface salinity (SSS) is a key issue to understand and monitor the Earth¿s water cycle. Accurate and systematic measurement of SSS was not possible until the ESA¿s Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) mission was launched in 2009. The SMOS mission uses L-band microwave radio...

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Bibliographic Details
Author: Valencia Domènech, Enric
Format: doctoral thesis
Publication Date:2012
Country:España
Institution:Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC)
Repository:UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPC
Language:English
OAI Identifier:oai:upcommons.upc.edu:2117/94703
Online Access:https://hdl.handle.net/2117/94703
https://dx.doi.org/10.5821/dissertation-2117-94703
Access Level:Open access
Keyword:Satèl·lits artificials
Sistema de posicionament global
Radiació -- Mesurament
Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Enginyeria de la telecomunicació
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spelling Ocean monitoring using L-Band microwave radiometry and GNSS-RValencia Domènech, EnricSatèl·lits artificialsSistema de posicionament globalRadiació -- MesuramentÀrees temàtiques de la UPC::Enginyeria de la telecomunicacióThe knowledge of sea surface salinity (SSS) is a key issue to understand and monitor the Earth¿s water cycle. Accurate and systematic measurement of SSS was not possible until the ESA¿s Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) mission was launched in 2009. The SMOS mission uses L-band microwave radiometry to infer SSS from measurements of the ocean¿s emis- sivity. However, the ocean surface emissivity is not only dependent on SSS, but also on sea surface temperature (SST), incidence angle, polarization, and sea surface roughness (i.e. sea-state). While the dependence on most of these parameters is well-known, and can be properly accounted for, the accurate estimation and correction of the sea surface roughness contribution remains a challenge. The Passive Advanced Unit (PAU) project was born in 2003 with the main objective of studying how to correct ocean L-band brightness temperature for the sea-state effect by using an emerging technology such as reflectome- try of opportunity GNSS signals (GNSS-R). GNSS-R is based on measuring the forward scattered GNSS signals so as to infer geophysical properties of the scattering surface. Particularly, the PAU project proposed to use direct observables from the reflected signal¿s Delay-Doppler Map (DDM) to parame- terize sea surface roughness, and link those observables to the brightness tem- perature variations induced by sea-state, without using scattering/emissivity models. In this line, prior work was performed by J.F. Marchan-Hernandez in his PhD. Thesis (UPC, Barcelona, 2009). In that work, a first version of the PAU GNSS-R receiver was developed, and first experimental results were obtained that supported the hypothesis that direct GNSS-R observables can be used to describe sea-state. This PhD. Thesis follows on that research, and steps into the use of GNSS- R observables for estimation of the sea-state contribution to the ocean L-band brightness temperature. The work presented here was undertaken between 2008 and 2012, and comprises contributions to three main fields: GNSS-R hardware development, experimental results, and theoretical studies. Firstly, the PAU GNSS-R instrument was re-designed and re-implemented for im- proved sensitivity and stability. Secondly, results from ground-based and airborne experiments were obtained, that prove the hypothesis that GNSS-R observables can be used to successfully correct L-band brightness tempera- ture for the sea-state effect, resulting in an improvement in the SSS retrieval accuracy. Finally, theoretical studies to foresee the performance of the PAU concept in a future spaceborne mission were conducted, along with the de- velopment of a new technique to obtain ocean surface scattering coefficient images from measured DDMs.Universitat Politècnica de CatalunyaCamps Carmona, Adriano José20122012-10-1720132013-01-07doctoral thesishttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_db06VoRhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesisapplication/pdfhttps://hdl.handle.net/2117/94703https://dx.doi.org/10.5821/dissertation-2117-94703reponame:UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPCinstname:Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC)Inglésengopen accesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/es/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:upcommons.upc.edu:2117/947032026-05-27T15:37:01Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Ocean monitoring using L-Band microwave radiometry and GNSS-R
title Ocean monitoring using L-Band microwave radiometry and GNSS-R
spellingShingle Ocean monitoring using L-Band microwave radiometry and GNSS-R
Valencia Domènech, Enric
Satèl·lits artificials
Sistema de posicionament global
Radiació -- Mesurament
Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Enginyeria de la telecomunicació
title_short Ocean monitoring using L-Band microwave radiometry and GNSS-R
title_full Ocean monitoring using L-Band microwave radiometry and GNSS-R
title_fullStr Ocean monitoring using L-Band microwave radiometry and GNSS-R
title_full_unstemmed Ocean monitoring using L-Band microwave radiometry and GNSS-R
title_sort Ocean monitoring using L-Band microwave radiometry and GNSS-R
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Valencia Domènech, Enric
author Valencia Domènech, Enric
author_facet Valencia Domènech, Enric
author_role author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Camps Carmona, Adriano José
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Satèl·lits artificials
Sistema de posicionament global
Radiació -- Mesurament
Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Enginyeria de la telecomunicació
topic Satèl·lits artificials
Sistema de posicionament global
Radiació -- Mesurament
Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Enginyeria de la telecomunicació
description The knowledge of sea surface salinity (SSS) is a key issue to understand and monitor the Earth¿s water cycle. Accurate and systematic measurement of SSS was not possible until the ESA¿s Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) mission was launched in 2009. The SMOS mission uses L-band microwave radiometry to infer SSS from measurements of the ocean¿s emis- sivity. However, the ocean surface emissivity is not only dependent on SSS, but also on sea surface temperature (SST), incidence angle, polarization, and sea surface roughness (i.e. sea-state). While the dependence on most of these parameters is well-known, and can be properly accounted for, the accurate estimation and correction of the sea surface roughness contribution remains a challenge. The Passive Advanced Unit (PAU) project was born in 2003 with the main objective of studying how to correct ocean L-band brightness temperature for the sea-state effect by using an emerging technology such as reflectome- try of opportunity GNSS signals (GNSS-R). GNSS-R is based on measuring the forward scattered GNSS signals so as to infer geophysical properties of the scattering surface. Particularly, the PAU project proposed to use direct observables from the reflected signal¿s Delay-Doppler Map (DDM) to parame- terize sea surface roughness, and link those observables to the brightness tem- perature variations induced by sea-state, without using scattering/emissivity models. In this line, prior work was performed by J.F. Marchan-Hernandez in his PhD. Thesis (UPC, Barcelona, 2009). In that work, a first version of the PAU GNSS-R receiver was developed, and first experimental results were obtained that supported the hypothesis that direct GNSS-R observables can be used to describe sea-state. This PhD. Thesis follows on that research, and steps into the use of GNSS- R observables for estimation of the sea-state contribution to the ocean L-band brightness temperature. The work presented here was undertaken between 2008 and 2012, and comprises contributions to three main fields: GNSS-R hardware development, experimental results, and theoretical studies. Firstly, the PAU GNSS-R instrument was re-designed and re-implemented for im- proved sensitivity and stability. Secondly, results from ground-based and airborne experiments were obtained, that prove the hypothesis that GNSS-R observables can be used to successfully correct L-band brightness tempera- ture for the sea-state effect, resulting in an improvement in the SSS retrieval accuracy. Finally, theoretical studies to foresee the performance of the PAU concept in a future spaceborne mission were conducted, along with the de- velopment of a new technique to obtain ocean surface scattering coefficient images from measured DDMs.
publishDate 2012
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2012
2012-10-17
2013
2013-01-07
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv doctoral thesis
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_db06
VoR
http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
dc.type.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis
format doctoralThesis
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://hdl.handle.net/2117/94703
https://dx.doi.org/10.5821/dissertation-2117-94703
url https://hdl.handle.net/2117/94703
https://dx.doi.org/10.5821/dissertation-2117-94703
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
eng
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
language eng
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/es/
dc.rights.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/es/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPC
instname:Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC)
instname_str Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC)
reponame_str UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPC
collection UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPC
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repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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