Academic performance and psychosocial functioning in European schoolchildren: the role of cardiorespiratory fitness and weight status

Background: Whether a high cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) can attenuate the potential detrimental effect of childhood obesity on academic performance and particularly psychosocial functioning remains unclear. Objectives: To analyze the academic performance/psychosocial functioning of schoolchildren...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Valenzuela, Pedro L., Pinto-Escalona, Tania, Lucía, Alejandro, Martínez de Quel Pérez, Óscar
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión aceptada para publicación
Fecha de publicación:2022
País:España
Institución:Universidad Pública de Navarra
Repositorio:Academica-e. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad Pública de Navarra
OAI Identifier:oai:dnet:academicae__::a091346df61eb5a05e0834172a67617d
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/2454/56823
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Obesity
Overweight
Physical fitness
Psychosocial problems
Cognitive performance
Academic achievement
Descripción
Sumario:Background: Whether a high cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) can attenuate the potential detrimental effect of childhood obesity on academic performance and particularly psychosocial functioning remains unclear. Objectives: To analyze the academic performance/psychosocial functioning of schoolchildren attending to their CRF and weight status. Methods: 470 schoolchildren (46% girls, 7±0yrs) from 20 schools in five European countries were categorized as (i) having overweight/obesity (n=113) or normal weight (n=357) attending to body mass index and (ii) ‘fit’ (n=282) or ‘unfit’ (n=188) based on 20-meter shuttle-run performance (CRF ≥ or < 42 ml·kg-1·min-1 [boys] and 35 ml·kg-1·min-1 [girls], respectively). Academic performance and psychosocial functioning were assessed using the grades attained in school subjects and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) for parents, respectively. Results: Independent of their weight status, fit children showed a greater academic performance and psychosocial functioning than their peers who were unfit and overweight/obese. In fit children, academic performance and psychosocial functioning did not differ between the two weight status categories (normal weight or overweight/obesity). Conclusions: Children with a higher CRF show a greater performance achievement and psychosocial functioning regardless of their weight status, thereby supporting the ‘fat but fit’ paradox and reinforcing the importance of improving CRF in this population.