Performance of full-scale rural wastewater treatment plants in the reduction of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and antibiotic resistance genes from small-city effluents

The main objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of full-scale rural wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in the reduction of antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) from small-city effluents. Twenty full-scale WWTPs in rural Chile with different bio...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Leiva, Ana María, Gómez, Gloria, González-Rocha, Gerardo, Piña, Benjamín, Vidal, Gladys
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión aceptada para publicación
Fecha de publicación:2024
País:España
Institución:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
Repositorio:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
OAI Identifier:oai:digital.csic.es:10261/352554
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/10261/352554
https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/85187805942
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Disinfection
Antibiotic resistance genes
Antibiotic-resistant bacteria
Biological treatment
Water quality parameters
Principal component analysis
http://metadata.un.org/sdg/3
http://metadata.un.org/sdg/11
http://metadata.un.org/sdg/6
Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages
Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all
Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable
Descripción
Sumario:The main objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of full-scale rural wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in the reduction of antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) from small-city effluents. Twenty full-scale WWTPs in rural Chile with different biological treatment technologies (vermifiltration (VF), activated sludge (AS) and biodisc (BD)) and disinfection treatments (chlorination (Cl) and UV irradiation (UV)) were monitored and studied in two campaigns: Campaign 1 (20 WWTPs) and Campaign 2 (6 WWTPs). In both campaigns, the rural WWTPs improved the water quality of the effluents very significantly (90%, 70%, and 40% reductions in TU, COD, and NH4+-N, respectively) and reduced ARB and ARG loads by 2–4 log units. All three biological treatments contributed to the final quality of the effluents, especially in terms of microbiological parameters, with statistically indistinguishable efficiencies between them. These results show the importance of rural WWTPs in improving the water quality of urban effluents while reducing microbiological risk and the spread of antibiotic resistance into the environment. The study demonstrates the utility of a non-centralized, self-managed wastewater treatment scheme that can be implemented in many sparsely populated areas around the world.