Green solutions for treating groundwater polluted with nitrates, pesticides, antibiotics, and antibiotic resistance genes for drinking water production
The present study evaluates for the first time the seasonal performance of an innovative green groundwater treatment. The pilot plant combines microalgae-bacteria treatment and a cork-wood biofilter to reduce nitrates, pesticides, antibiotics (ABs), and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) from ground...
| Autores: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Tipo de recurso: | artículo |
| Estado: | Versión aceptada para publicación |
| Fecha de publicación: | 2025 |
| País: | España |
| Institución: | Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) |
| Repositorio: | DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:digital.csic.es:10261/418032 |
| Acceso en línea: | http://hdl.handle.net/10261/418032 https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/85215827025 |
| Access Level: | acceso embargado |
| Palabra clave: | Microalgae ARGs Antibiotics Biofilter Groundwater Removal http://metadata.un.org/sdg/9 http://metadata.un.org/sdg/12 http://metadata.un.org/sdg/11 http://metadata.un.org/sdg/3 http://metadata.un.org/sdg/6 Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all Build resilient infrastructure, promote inclusive and sustainable industrialization and foster innovation Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns |
| Sumario: | The present study evaluates for the first time the seasonal performance of an innovative green groundwater treatment. The pilot plant combines microalgae-bacteria treatment and a cork-wood biofilter to reduce nitrates, pesticides, antibiotics (ABs), and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) from groundwater. Groundwater had nitrate concentrations ranging from 220 to 410 mg/L, while ABs (sulfonamides and fluoroquinolones) and pesticides (triazines) were detected at concentrations ranging from a few ng/L to 150 ng/L. Only the gene targets sul1, tetM and the class 1 integron-integrase gene (intl1) were detected in the groundwater. The microalgae-biofilter treatment system effectively removed 15%-98% of nitrates, depending on the season, and consistently eliminated over 90% of ABs and pesticides year-round. Among the components of the treatment system, the microalgal system was the most effective at removing ABs and pesticides. However, the cork-wood biofilter showed superior performance in reducing the bacterial load in groundwater, achieving more than a 1-log reduction in the absolute abundance of genes such as sul1 and intl1. The accumulation of ABs and pesticides in microalgae biomass was minimal or undetectable (<20 ng/g of fresh weight). Overall, our results indicate that the microalgae-biofilter treatment plant is an effective solution for significantly reducing nitrates, antibiotics, and pesticides from groundwaters, while also producing a valuable biomass, and meeting drinking water standards during warmer months. |
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