| Sumario: | The historical understanding of the Roman gold mines of the Hispanic Northwest (1st – 2nd centuries AD) requires a detailed analysis of the involvement of local communities. The conquest of the lands of Asturia, Gallaecia and northern Lusitania allowed the Roman State to control their resources (including gold) and their populations. This Hispanic gold has become crucial for the imperial fiscus, given the regular need for the precious metal for minting the aurei. The territorial and administrative frameworks that organized the land and the provincial communities made possible the tributary work (operae) of the indigenous communities, in the context of the fiscal requirements. A significant aspect is to identify who benefited from this activity, and whether the benefits were direct or indirect. Finally, a review of some theonyms and cults documented in certain sectors and their meaning in relation to the configuration of rural civitates is proposed. No specifically mining divinities are identified and the epigraphy does not differ from that of other neighbouring rural areas. This reinforces the point that mining is integrated as one more exploitable resource in the general use of the territory.
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