Discovery of a Baloxavir-Inspired Endonuclease InhibitorThat Prevents Herpes Simplex Virus 1 Replication in CellCulture and In Vivo

Herpes simplex viruses (HSV-1 and HSV-2) are highly prevalent and contagious, causing lifelong infections that cannot be eradicated with current therapies. Acyclovir and other viral DNA polymerase inhibitors are effective antiviral agents for treating HSV infections. However, despite the recent appr...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Bello-Morales Arroyo, Ángeles Raquel, López Guerrero, José Antonio, Andreu, Sabina, Tang, Kai, Zhou, Jiahui, Pino-Peco, Gabriel, López-Carrobles, Nerea, Galdo-Torres, Daniel, Zhang, Lina, Gago, Federico, Liu, Xinyong, Zhan, Peng, Menéndez-Arias, Luis
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2025
País:España
Institución:Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
Repositorio:Biblos-e Archivo. Repositorio Institucional de la UAM
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:dnet:biblosearchi::44e1b927c1005824afbc9387e8387750
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/10486/764840
https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/advs.202508006
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Antiviral drug
baloxavir
DNA packaging
herpesvirus
HSV
metalloenzymes
nuclease
Biología y Biomedicina / Biología
Descripción
Sumario:Herpes simplex viruses (HSV-1 and HSV-2) are highly prevalent and contagious, causing lifelong infections that cannot be eradicated with current therapies. Acyclovir and other viral DNA polymerase inhibitors are effective antiviral agents for treating HSV infections. However, despite the recent approval of pritelivir and amenamevir (helicase–primase complex inhibitors), drug resistance is still a major threat to therapeutic success. This research focuses on developing new antiviral strategies against HSV-1 by targeting the pUL15 endonuclease, a component of the viral packaging motor/terminase complex, using substituted polycyclic pyridones derived from baloxavir acid. Several compounds display low micromolar IC50 values in enzymatic assays. Among them, the prioritized compound, LN-7, shows a 50% effective concentration (EC50) of 2.8 ± 1.1 μm in antiviral assays and favorable pharmacokinetic properties in rats. LN-7 demonstrates antiviral efficacy in infected mice, while exhibiting fewer clinical signs compared to controls. Overall, LN-7 emerges as a promising lead for treating herpesvirus infections and is therefore a first-in-class drug candidate targeting HSV genome packaging