Providing carbon skeletons to sustain amide synthesis in roots underlines the suitability of Brachypodium distachyon for the study of ammonium stress in cereals

Plants mainly acquire N from the soil in the form of nitrate (NO3-) or ammonium (NH4+). Ammonium-based nutrition is gaining interest because it helps to avoid the environmental pollution associated with nitrate fertilization. However, in general, plants prefer NO3- and indeed, when growing only with...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: De la Peña Cuao, Marlon, González Moro, María Begoña, Marino Bilbao, Daniel
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2019
País:España
Institución:Universidad del País Vasco
Repositorio:Addi. Archivo Digital para la Docencia y la Investigación
OAI Identifier:oai:addi.ehu.eus:10810/40529
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/10810/40529
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:ammonium assimilation
Asn
carbon metabolism
Gln
monocots
nitrate
nitrogen metabolism
root
TCA cycle
glutamine-synthetase
phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase
arabidopsis-thaliana
gene-expression
plant nitrogen
use efficiency
crucial role
tolerance
toxicity
metabolism
Descripción
Sumario:Plants mainly acquire N from the soil in the form of nitrate (NO3-) or ammonium (NH4+). Ammonium-based nutrition is gaining interest because it helps to avoid the environmental pollution associated with nitrate fertilization. However, in general, plants prefer NO3- and indeed, when growing only with NH4+ they can encounter so-called ammonium stress. Since Brachypodium distachyon is a useful model species for the study of monocot physiology and genetics, we chose it to characterize performance under ammonium nutrition. Brachypodium distachyon Bd21 plants were grown hydroponically in 1 or 2.5 mM NO3- or NH4+. Nitrogen and carbon metabolism associated with NH4+ assimilation was evaluated in terms of tissue contents of NO3-, NH4+, K, Mg, Ca, amino acids and organic acids together with tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and NH4+-assimilating enzyme activities and RNA transcript levels. The roots behaved as a physiological barrier preventing NH4+ translocation to aerial parts, as indicated by a sizeable accumulation of NH4+, Asn and Gln in the roots. A continuing high NH4+ assimilation rate was made possible by a tuning of the TCA cycle and its associated anaplerotic pathways to match 2-oxoglutarate and oxaloacetate demand for Gln and Asn synthesis. These results show B. distachyon to be a highly suitable tool for the study of the physiological, molecular and genetic basis of ammonium nutrition in cereals.