Increased ultra-processed food consumption is associated with worsening of cardiometabolic risk factors in adults with metabolic syndrome: Longitudinal analysis from a randomized trial

Background and aims The association between changes in ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption and cardiometabolic risk (CMR) factors remains understudied. We evaluated the association between changes in UPF consumption over 12 months of follow-up and changes in CMR factors in adults diagnosed with m...

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Autores: González Palacios, Sandra, Oncina Canovas, Alejandro, Garcia de la Hera, Manuela, Martínez-González, Miguel Ángel, Salas Salvadó, Jordi, Corella Piquer, Dolores, Schröder, Helmut, Martínez, José Alfredo, Alonso Gómez, Ángel M., Wärnberg, Julia, Romaguera, Dora, López Miranda, José, Estruch Riba, Ramon, Tinahones Madueño, Francisco J., Lapetra, José, Serra Majem, Lluís, Cano-Ibáñez, Naomi, Tur, Josep A., Martín Sánchez, Vicente, Pintó Sala, Xavier, Delgado-Rodríguez, Miguel, Matía Martín, Pilar, Vidal, Josep, Vázquez, Clotilde, Daimiel, Lidia, Ros, Emilio, Bes-Rastrollo, Maira, Atzeni, Alessandro, Sorli, Jose V., Zomeño, M. Dolores, Peña Orihuela, Patricia J, Compañ-Gabucio, Laura, Barón López, Francisco Javier, Zulet, M. Angeles, Konieczna, Jadwiga, Casas, Rosa, Garrido-Garrido, Eva, Tojal Sierra, Lucas, Gómez-Pérez, Ana Maria, Ruiz-Canela, Miguel, Palau Galindo, Antoni, Saiz, Carmen, Pérez-Vega, Karla Alejandra, García Rios, Antonio, Torres-Collado, Laura, Basterra-Gortari, Francisco Javier, Garcidueñas Fimbres, Tany Elizabeth, Malcampo, Mireia, Vioque, Jesús
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2023
País:España
Institución:Universitat Ramon Llull (URL)
Repositorio:DAU Arxiu Digital de la Universitat Ramon Llull
OAI Identifier:oai:dau.url.edu:20.500.14342/5270
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14342/5270
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2023.05.022
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Aliments processats
Sistema cardiovascular -- Malalties
Factors de risc
Síndrome metabòlica
Índex de masa corporal
Pressió sanguínia
Glucèmia
Descripción
Sumario:Background and aims The association between changes in ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption and cardiometabolic risk (CMR) factors remains understudied. We evaluated the association between changes in UPF consumption over 12 months of follow-up and changes in CMR factors in adults diagnosed with metabolic syndrome. Methods We analysed data from 5373 adults (aged 55–75 years) participating in the PREDIMED-Plus trial. Diet was evaluated at baseline, 6- and 12-month visits using a validated food frequency questionnaire, and UPF consumption (in grams/day and percentage of total daily dietary intake in grams) was categorized based on NOVA classification. We used mixed-effects linear models with repeated measurements at baseline, 6 and 12 months of follow-up to assess the associations between changes in UPF consumption and changes in CMR factors adjusting for sociodemographic and lifestyles variables. Results In multivariable-adjusted models, when comparing the highest versus the lowest quartile of UPF consumption, positive associations were found for several CMR factors: weight (kg, β = 1.09; 95% confidence interval 0.91 to 1.26); BMI (kg/m2, β = 0.39; 0.33 to 0.46); waist circumference (cm, β = 1.03; 0.81 to 1.26); diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg, β = 0.67; 0.29 to 1.06); fasting blood glucose (mg/dl, β = 1.66; 0.61 to 2.70); HbA1c (%, β = 0.04; 0.01 to 0.07); triglycerides (mg/dl, β = 6.79; 3.66 to 9.91) and triglycerides and glucose index (β = 0.06; 0.04 to 0.08). Conclusions Higher UPF consumption was associated with adverse evolution in objectively measured CMR factors after 12 months of follow-up in adults with metabolic syndrome. Further research is needed to explore whether these changes persist for longer periods.

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