Growing Concerns: A systematic review and Meta-Analysis of cannabis use and mental health risks in youth

Cannabis is the most widely consumed illicit drug globally. In 2021, 46 % of countries identified cannabis as the predominant substance associated with drug abuse disorders, with 34 % indicating it as the primary cause for seeking treatment. Young individuals represent the largest consumer demograph...

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Autores: Sanz-Pérez, Amadeo, Serrano López, Dolores Remedios, Fraguas Sánchez, Ana Isabel, Pardo Llorente, M. Del Carmen, Ruiz Sánchez de León, José María, Estupiñá Puig, Francisco José, Pérez Pérez, Teresa, González Burgos, Elena María
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2026
País:España
Institución:Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM)
Repositorio:Docta Complutense
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:docta.ucm.es:20.500.14352/125712
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/125712
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:615.01/.03
615.9
Cannabis
Youth
Anxiety
Despression
Suicide
Mental health
Ciencias Biomédicas
Farmacología (Farmacia)
Toxicología (Farmacia)
3214 Toxicología
6113 Psicofarmacología
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spelling Growing Concerns: A systematic review and Meta-Analysis of cannabis use and mental health risks in youthSanz-Pérez, AmadeoSerrano López, Dolores RemediosFraguas Sánchez, Ana IsabelPardo Llorente, M. Del CarmenRuiz Sánchez de León, José MaríaEstupiñá Puig, Francisco JoséPérez Pérez, TeresaGonzález Burgos, Elena María615.01/.03615.9CannabisYouthAnxietyDespressionSuicideMental healthCiencias BiomédicasFarmacología (Farmacia)Toxicología (Farmacia)3214 Toxicología6113 PsicofarmacologíaCannabis is the most widely consumed illicit drug globally. In 2021, 46 % of countries identified cannabis as the predominant substance associated with drug abuse disorders, with 34 % indicating it as the primary cause for seeking treatment. Young individuals represent the largest consumer demographic, experiencing substantial negative health effects. Despite extensive research on its mental health impacts, many aspects remain unclear. This study examines cannabis use among young people including anxiety, depression, and suicidal behavior. Studies involving individuals aged 15–30 were included. Data sources included PubMed, Mendeley, Embase, WOS, CINAHL, and Scopus. After screening 6466 articles, 36 met the inclusion criteria, with 18 included in the meta-analysis. These studies were published between 2013 and 2025. The results indicated that the odds of depression were 51 % higher in young cannabis users (OR = 1.51, 95 %CI = 1.23–1.86), decreasing to 28 % after adjustment (aOR = 1.28, 95 %CI = 1.10–1.50). Anxiety showed a 58 % increase (OR = 1.58, 95 %CI = 1.15–2.15). For suicidal ideation, the increase ranged from 50 % in unadjusted models (OR = 1.50, 95 %CI = 1.05–2.14) to 65 % in adjusted models (aOR = 1.65 95 %CI = 1.40–1.93). Finally, the odds of suicide attempt were 87 % higher (OR = 1.87, 95 %CI = 1.25–2.80), remaining elevated at 80 % after adjustment (aOR = 1.80,95 %CI = 1.30–2.49).ElsevierUniversidad Complutense de Madrid20262026-01-0120262026-01-01journal articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501VoRhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85info:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/125712reponame:Docta Complutenseinstname:Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM)Inglésengopen accesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:docta.ucm.es:20.500.14352/1257122026-06-02T12:44:21Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Growing Concerns: A systematic review and Meta-Analysis of cannabis use and mental health risks in youth
title Growing Concerns: A systematic review and Meta-Analysis of cannabis use and mental health risks in youth
spellingShingle Growing Concerns: A systematic review and Meta-Analysis of cannabis use and mental health risks in youth
Sanz-Pérez, Amadeo
615.01/.03
615.9
Cannabis
Youth
Anxiety
Despression
Suicide
Mental health
Ciencias Biomédicas
Farmacología (Farmacia)
Toxicología (Farmacia)
3214 Toxicología
6113 Psicofarmacología
title_short Growing Concerns: A systematic review and Meta-Analysis of cannabis use and mental health risks in youth
title_full Growing Concerns: A systematic review and Meta-Analysis of cannabis use and mental health risks in youth
title_fullStr Growing Concerns: A systematic review and Meta-Analysis of cannabis use and mental health risks in youth
title_full_unstemmed Growing Concerns: A systematic review and Meta-Analysis of cannabis use and mental health risks in youth
title_sort Growing Concerns: A systematic review and Meta-Analysis of cannabis use and mental health risks in youth
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Sanz-Pérez, Amadeo
Serrano López, Dolores Remedios
Fraguas Sánchez, Ana Isabel
Pardo Llorente, M. Del Carmen
Ruiz Sánchez de León, José María
Estupiñá Puig, Francisco José
Pérez Pérez, Teresa
González Burgos, Elena María
author Sanz-Pérez, Amadeo
author_facet Sanz-Pérez, Amadeo
Serrano López, Dolores Remedios
Fraguas Sánchez, Ana Isabel
Pardo Llorente, M. Del Carmen
Ruiz Sánchez de León, José María
Estupiñá Puig, Francisco José
Pérez Pérez, Teresa
González Burgos, Elena María
author_role author
author2 Serrano López, Dolores Remedios
Fraguas Sánchez, Ana Isabel
Pardo Llorente, M. Del Carmen
Ruiz Sánchez de León, José María
Estupiñá Puig, Francisco José
Pérez Pérez, Teresa
González Burgos, Elena María
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Universidad Complutense de Madrid
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv 615.01/.03
615.9
Cannabis
Youth
Anxiety
Despression
Suicide
Mental health
Ciencias Biomédicas
Farmacología (Farmacia)
Toxicología (Farmacia)
3214 Toxicología
6113 Psicofarmacología
topic 615.01/.03
615.9
Cannabis
Youth
Anxiety
Despression
Suicide
Mental health
Ciencias Biomédicas
Farmacología (Farmacia)
Toxicología (Farmacia)
3214 Toxicología
6113 Psicofarmacología
description Cannabis is the most widely consumed illicit drug globally. In 2021, 46 % of countries identified cannabis as the predominant substance associated with drug abuse disorders, with 34 % indicating it as the primary cause for seeking treatment. Young individuals represent the largest consumer demographic, experiencing substantial negative health effects. Despite extensive research on its mental health impacts, many aspects remain unclear. This study examines cannabis use among young people including anxiety, depression, and suicidal behavior. Studies involving individuals aged 15–30 were included. Data sources included PubMed, Mendeley, Embase, WOS, CINAHL, and Scopus. After screening 6466 articles, 36 met the inclusion criteria, with 18 included in the meta-analysis. These studies were published between 2013 and 2025. The results indicated that the odds of depression were 51 % higher in young cannabis users (OR = 1.51, 95 %CI = 1.23–1.86), decreasing to 28 % after adjustment (aOR = 1.28, 95 %CI = 1.10–1.50). Anxiety showed a 58 % increase (OR = 1.58, 95 %CI = 1.15–2.15). For suicidal ideation, the increase ranged from 50 % in unadjusted models (OR = 1.50, 95 %CI = 1.05–2.14) to 65 % in adjusted models (aOR = 1.65 95 %CI = 1.40–1.93). Finally, the odds of suicide attempt were 87 % higher (OR = 1.87, 95 %CI = 1.25–2.80), remaining elevated at 80 % after adjustment (aOR = 1.80,95 %CI = 1.30–2.49).
publishDate 2026
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2026
2026-01-01
2026
2026-01-01
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv journal article
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
VoR
http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
dc.type.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
format article
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/125712
url https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/125712
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
eng
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
language eng
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
dc.rights.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Docta Complutense
instname:Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM)
instname_str Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM)
reponame_str Docta Complutense
collection Docta Complutense
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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