Growing Concerns: A systematic review and Meta-Analysis of cannabis use and mental health risks in youth

Cannabis is the most widely consumed illicit drug globally. In 2021, 46 % of countries identified cannabis as the predominant substance associated with drug abuse disorders, with 34 % indicating it as the primary cause for seeking treatment. Young individuals represent the largest consumer demograph...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Sanz-Pérez, Amadeo, Serrano López, Dolores Remedios, Fraguas Sánchez, Ana Isabel, Pardo Llorente, M. Del Carmen, Ruiz Sánchez de León, José María, Estupiñá Puig, Francisco José, Pérez Pérez, Teresa, González Burgos, Elena María
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2026
País:España
Institución:Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM)
Repositorio:Docta Complutense
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:docta.ucm.es:20.500.14352/125712
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/125712
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:615.01/.03
615.9
Cannabis
Youth
Anxiety
Despression
Suicide
Mental health
Ciencias Biomédicas
Farmacología (Farmacia)
Toxicología (Farmacia)
3214 Toxicología
6113 Psicofarmacología
Descripción
Sumario:Cannabis is the most widely consumed illicit drug globally. In 2021, 46 % of countries identified cannabis as the predominant substance associated with drug abuse disorders, with 34 % indicating it as the primary cause for seeking treatment. Young individuals represent the largest consumer demographic, experiencing substantial negative health effects. Despite extensive research on its mental health impacts, many aspects remain unclear. This study examines cannabis use among young people including anxiety, depression, and suicidal behavior. Studies involving individuals aged 15–30 were included. Data sources included PubMed, Mendeley, Embase, WOS, CINAHL, and Scopus. After screening 6466 articles, 36 met the inclusion criteria, with 18 included in the meta-analysis. These studies were published between 2013 and 2025. The results indicated that the odds of depression were 51 % higher in young cannabis users (OR = 1.51, 95 %CI = 1.23–1.86), decreasing to 28 % after adjustment (aOR = 1.28, 95 %CI = 1.10–1.50). Anxiety showed a 58 % increase (OR = 1.58, 95 %CI = 1.15–2.15). For suicidal ideation, the increase ranged from 50 % in unadjusted models (OR = 1.50, 95 %CI = 1.05–2.14) to 65 % in adjusted models (aOR = 1.65 95 %CI = 1.40–1.93). Finally, the odds of suicide attempt were 87 % higher (OR = 1.87, 95 %CI = 1.25–2.80), remaining elevated at 80 % after adjustment (aOR = 1.80,95 %CI = 1.30–2.49).