Berezinskii– Kosterlitz–Thouless phase transitions in PbTiO3/SrTiO3 superlattices

ABSTRACT: In the present work we shall study the basic theory behind the cellebrated Berezinskii– Kosterlitz–Thouless (BKT) topological phase transitions. In order to do so, we first introduce the simple XY-model, where these phase transitions where initially discovered. Within this context, we compu...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autor: Gómez Ortiz, Fernando
Tipo de recurso: tesis de maestría
Fecha de publicación:2020
País:España
Institución:Universidad de Cantabria (UC)
Repositorio:UCrea Repositorio Abierto de la Universidad de Cantabria
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:repositorio.unican.es:10902/19002
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/10902/19002
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:BKT
Topological phase transitions
Mermin-Wagner theorem
Correlation functions
Vortices
Ferroelectricity
Second-principles simulations
PbTiO3/SrTiO3 superlattices.
Transición de fase topológicas
Teorema de Mermin-Wagner
Función de correlación
Vórtices
Ferroelectricidad
Simulaciones desde segundos-principios
Superredes PbTiO3/SrTiO3
Descripción
Sumario:ABSTRACT: In the present work we shall study the basic theory behind the cellebrated Berezinskii– Kosterlitz–Thouless (BKT) topological phase transitions. In order to do so, we first introduce the simple XY-model, where these phase transitions where initially discovered. Within this context, we compute the energy of an isolated topological defect (a vortex) and the interaction energy between a collection of localized defects. Then, with the help of the correlation functions, we characterize the different orderings of the phases that appear as a function of temperature: from the quasi-long-range order at low temperatures to a fully disordered phase at high-temperature. This study sets the grounds for introducing the Berezinskii– Kosterlitz–Thouless (BKT) topological phase transitions. A bibliographic search is made to study how the different assumptions present in the XY-model (dimensionality of space, dimensionality of the order parameter, presence of long-range interactions and/or continuous symmetry in the Hamiltonian), affect the eventual existence of such phase transitions. Special attention is paid to the recent discovery of BKT transitions in ferroelectricsystems. Finally, we carry out second-principles simulations in PbTiO3/SrTiO3 superlattices and reveal the presence of topological phase transitions both when the polarization in the PbTiO3 layers is fully contained in the xy-plane, and where the polarization texture displays alternating clockwise/counter-clock-wise vortices in the xz-plane.