Assertiveness and war fatigue: European party dynamics during Russia's war in Ukraine

Russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine in 2022 marked a watershed in European politics, compelling parties to adopt explicit positions on relations with Russia. Prior to the invasion, particularly parties on the ideological fringes often relied on strategic ambiguity. The 2022 attack trigg...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Holesch, Adam, 1977-, Zagórski, Piotr, Buzogány, Aron
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2026
País:España
Institución:Universitat Pompeu Fabra
Repositorio:Repositorio Digital de la UPF
OAI Identifier:oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/72517
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/10230/72517
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07036337.2026.2616344
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:EU
Party politics
Far right
Foreign policy
Assertiveness toward Russia
Russia-Ukraine war
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spelling Assertiveness and war fatigue: European party dynamics during Russia's war in UkraineHolesch, Adam, 1977-Zagórski, PiotrBuzogány, AronEUParty politicsFar rightForeign policyAssertiveness toward RussiaRussia-Ukraine warRussia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine in 2022 marked a watershed in European politics, compelling parties to adopt explicit positions on relations with Russia. Prior to the invasion, particularly parties on the ideological fringes often relied on strategic ambiguity. The 2022 attack triggered a surge in assertiveness toward Russia across much of the political spectrum, with only limited exceptions. This article examines whether these positions have endured or whether war fatigue among European political parties has led to declining assertiveness as the conflict has evolved. Drawing on roll-call votes in the European Parliament on key resolutions related to Russia and Ukraine between 2019 and 2025, we develop the Assertiveness Toward Russia Index (ATRI). The results show that mainstream parties have largely sustained their critical stance, while the European far right has become increasingly divided since 2022. The findings reconceptualise party group cohesion as dynamic yet durable, extending beyond short-lived rally effects.This work was supported by the European Commission's Horizon Europe Programme for Research and Innovation, under the Grant Agreement number 101132483 (Project: BridgeGap).Taylor & Francis2026202620262026info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdfapplication/pdfhttps://hdl.handle.net/10230/72517http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07036337.2026.2616344reponame:Repositorio Digital de la UPFinstname:Universitat Pompeu FabraInglésJournal of European Integration. 2026;48(2):269-88info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/HE/101132483© 2026 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The terms on which this article has been published allow the posting of the Accepted Manuscript in a repository by the author(s) or with their consent.http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/725172026-06-12T07:21:37Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Assertiveness and war fatigue: European party dynamics during Russia's war in Ukraine
title Assertiveness and war fatigue: European party dynamics during Russia's war in Ukraine
spellingShingle Assertiveness and war fatigue: European party dynamics during Russia's war in Ukraine
Holesch, Adam, 1977-
EU
Party politics
Far right
Foreign policy
Assertiveness toward Russia
Russia-Ukraine war
title_short Assertiveness and war fatigue: European party dynamics during Russia's war in Ukraine
title_full Assertiveness and war fatigue: European party dynamics during Russia's war in Ukraine
title_fullStr Assertiveness and war fatigue: European party dynamics during Russia's war in Ukraine
title_full_unstemmed Assertiveness and war fatigue: European party dynamics during Russia's war in Ukraine
title_sort Assertiveness and war fatigue: European party dynamics during Russia's war in Ukraine
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Holesch, Adam, 1977-
Zagórski, Piotr
Buzogány, Aron
author Holesch, Adam, 1977-
author_facet Holesch, Adam, 1977-
Zagórski, Piotr
Buzogány, Aron
author_role author
author2 Zagórski, Piotr
Buzogány, Aron
author2_role author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv EU
Party politics
Far right
Foreign policy
Assertiveness toward Russia
Russia-Ukraine war
topic EU
Party politics
Far right
Foreign policy
Assertiveness toward Russia
Russia-Ukraine war
description Russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine in 2022 marked a watershed in European politics, compelling parties to adopt explicit positions on relations with Russia. Prior to the invasion, particularly parties on the ideological fringes often relied on strategic ambiguity. The 2022 attack triggered a surge in assertiveness toward Russia across much of the political spectrum, with only limited exceptions. This article examines whether these positions have endured or whether war fatigue among European political parties has led to declining assertiveness as the conflict has evolved. Drawing on roll-call votes in the European Parliament on key resolutions related to Russia and Ukraine between 2019 and 2025, we develop the Assertiveness Toward Russia Index (ATRI). The results show that mainstream parties have largely sustained their critical stance, while the European far right has become increasingly divided since 2022. The findings reconceptualise party group cohesion as dynamic yet durable, extending beyond short-lived rally effects.
publishDate 2026
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2026
2026
2026
2026
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://hdl.handle.net/10230/72517
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07036337.2026.2616344
url https://hdl.handle.net/10230/72517
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07036337.2026.2616344
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv Journal of European Integration. 2026;48(2):269-88
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/HE/101132483
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Taylor & Francis
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Taylor & Francis
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Repositorio Digital de la UPF
instname:Universitat Pompeu Fabra
instname_str Universitat Pompeu Fabra
reponame_str Repositorio Digital de la UPF
collection Repositorio Digital de la UPF
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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