Extended momentum model for assessing strut aerodynamic losses in vertical axis wind turbines

Vertical axis wind turbines offer significant potential for urban and offshore energy, yet parasitic drag from supporting struts frequently compromises their aerodynamic efficiency. Existing strut design tools are limited, leaving a gap between simplified analytical models and computationally expens...

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Autores: Suárez Fernández, Laura, Santamaría Bertolín, Luis|||0000-0001-8028-3837, Argüelles Díaz, Katia María, Fernández Oro, Jesús Manuel
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2026
País:España
Institución:Universidad de Oviedo (UNIOVI)
Repositorio:RUO. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Oviedo
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:dnet:ruo_________::4e6c5247e901d933e138beaf0d5df71f
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/10651/84105
https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/J.ENCONMAN.2026.121232
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Aerodynamic performance
DMST model
Parasitic losses
Strut design
Urban wind energy
Vertical axis wind turbine
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spelling Extended momentum model for assessing strut aerodynamic losses in vertical axis wind turbinesSuárez Fernández, LauraSantamaría Bertolín, Luis|||0000-0001-8028-3837Argüelles Díaz, Katia MaríaFernández Oro, Jesús ManuelAerodynamic performanceDMST modelParasitic lossesStrut designUrban wind energyVertical axis wind turbineVertical axis wind turbines offer significant potential for urban and offshore energy, yet parasitic drag from supporting struts frequently compromises their aerodynamic efficiency. Existing strut design tools are limited, leaving a gap between simplified analytical models and computationally expensive fluid dynamics simulations. This study presents a rapid, reliable method for assessing these losses by extending the double-disk multiple streamtube (DMST) framework. The model analyzes three-dimensional realistic strut designs, integrating parasitic drag and blade-strut junction interference. Validated against computational fluid dynamic simulations, the approach was tested on an urban H-rotor turbine featuring hollow, ribbed, variable section struts with distinct airfoils. Quantitative analysis revealed that the root 30% of the strut contributes only 1% to total losses, and while the thin NACA0009 reduced the maximum power coefficient by a minimal 2.8%, the thick E863 strut caused a massive 50.3% reduction in performance, driven primarily by a 39.6% drop attributed solely to junction interference drag. While strut thickness is critical for small-scale efficiency, the relative impact of parasitic losses diminishes significantly as turbine scale and operating Reynolds numbers increase. Ultimately, the developed tool enables future research to address the full complexity of multidisciplinary strut design optimization.This research was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities (MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033) and the European Union (NextGenerationEU/PRTR) under the Projects [TED2021-131307B-I00 and PID2024-155573OB-I00]. Additional funding by Principality of Asturias through the SEKUENS AGENCY [SEK-25-GRU-GIC-24-045] is also acknowledged. Furthermore, Laura Suarez Fernandez is supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities within the FPU fellowship program (grant number: FPU24/00090). The authors also wish to thank the involvement of the remaining members of the research team, whose contribution is appreciated.Elsevier Ltd20262026-04-01journal articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501VoRhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85info:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttps://hdl.handle.net/10651/84105https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/J.ENCONMAN.2026.121232reponame:RUO. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Oviedoinstname:Universidad de Oviedo (UNIOVI)Inglésengopen accesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Attribution 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:dnet:ruo_________::4e6c5247e901d933e138beaf0d5df71f2026-06-07T06:38:51Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Extended momentum model for assessing strut aerodynamic losses in vertical axis wind turbines
title Extended momentum model for assessing strut aerodynamic losses in vertical axis wind turbines
spellingShingle Extended momentum model for assessing strut aerodynamic losses in vertical axis wind turbines
Suárez Fernández, Laura
Aerodynamic performance
DMST model
Parasitic losses
Strut design
Urban wind energy
Vertical axis wind turbine
title_short Extended momentum model for assessing strut aerodynamic losses in vertical axis wind turbines
title_full Extended momentum model for assessing strut aerodynamic losses in vertical axis wind turbines
title_fullStr Extended momentum model for assessing strut aerodynamic losses in vertical axis wind turbines
title_full_unstemmed Extended momentum model for assessing strut aerodynamic losses in vertical axis wind turbines
title_sort Extended momentum model for assessing strut aerodynamic losses in vertical axis wind turbines
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Suárez Fernández, Laura
Santamaría Bertolín, Luis|||0000-0001-8028-3837
Argüelles Díaz, Katia María
Fernández Oro, Jesús Manuel
author Suárez Fernández, Laura
author_facet Suárez Fernández, Laura
Santamaría Bertolín, Luis|||0000-0001-8028-3837
Argüelles Díaz, Katia María
Fernández Oro, Jesús Manuel
author_role author
author2 Santamaría Bertolín, Luis|||0000-0001-8028-3837
Argüelles Díaz, Katia María
Fernández Oro, Jesús Manuel
author2_role author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Aerodynamic performance
DMST model
Parasitic losses
Strut design
Urban wind energy
Vertical axis wind turbine
topic Aerodynamic performance
DMST model
Parasitic losses
Strut design
Urban wind energy
Vertical axis wind turbine
description Vertical axis wind turbines offer significant potential for urban and offshore energy, yet parasitic drag from supporting struts frequently compromises their aerodynamic efficiency. Existing strut design tools are limited, leaving a gap between simplified analytical models and computationally expensive fluid dynamics simulations. This study presents a rapid, reliable method for assessing these losses by extending the double-disk multiple streamtube (DMST) framework. The model analyzes three-dimensional realistic strut designs, integrating parasitic drag and blade-strut junction interference. Validated against computational fluid dynamic simulations, the approach was tested on an urban H-rotor turbine featuring hollow, ribbed, variable section struts with distinct airfoils. Quantitative analysis revealed that the root 30% of the strut contributes only 1% to total losses, and while the thin NACA0009 reduced the maximum power coefficient by a minimal 2.8%, the thick E863 strut caused a massive 50.3% reduction in performance, driven primarily by a 39.6% drop attributed solely to junction interference drag. While strut thickness is critical for small-scale efficiency, the relative impact of parasitic losses diminishes significantly as turbine scale and operating Reynolds numbers increase. Ultimately, the developed tool enables future research to address the full complexity of multidisciplinary strut design optimization.
publishDate 2026
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2026
2026-04-01
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv journal article
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
VoR
http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
dc.type.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
format article
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://hdl.handle.net/10651/84105
https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/J.ENCONMAN.2026.121232
url https://hdl.handle.net/10651/84105
https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/J.ENCONMAN.2026.121232
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
eng
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
language eng
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
Attribution 4.0 International
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.rights.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
Attribution 4.0 International
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier Ltd
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier Ltd
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:RUO. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Oviedo
instname:Universidad de Oviedo (UNIOVI)
instname_str Universidad de Oviedo (UNIOVI)
reponame_str RUO. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Oviedo
collection RUO. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Oviedo
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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score 15,811543

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