Recycling fiber-reinforced polyamide waste from the automotive industry: Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of an advanced pyrolysis process to reclaim glass fibers and valuable chemicals

The generation of pyrolysis liquids and gases with poor quality is a limiting factor for the development of the recycling process of fiber-reinforced plastic waste. In this article, the life cycle assessment (LCA) of an advanced two-step pyrolysis process to recycle glass fiber-reinforced polyamide...

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Autores: Caballero Iglesias, Blanca María, López Urionabarrenechea, Alexander, González Arcos, Jean Paul, Pérez Martínez, Borja Baltasar, Acha Peña, Esther, Iturrondobeitia Ellacuria, Maider, Ibarretxe Uriguen, Julen, Esnaola, Aritz, Baskaran, Maider
Formato: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2025
País:España
Recursos:Universidad del País Vasco
Repositorio:Addi. Archivo Digital para la Docencia y la Investigación
OAI Identifier:oai:addi.ehu.eus:10810/76752
Acesso em linha:http://hdl.handle.net/10810/76752
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palavra-chave:glass mat-reinforced thermoplastic
automotive plastics
complex plastic waste
polyamide
pyrolysis
recycling
recycled glass fibers
life cycle assessment
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spelling Recycling fiber-reinforced polyamide waste from the automotive industry: Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of an advanced pyrolysis process to reclaim glass fibers and valuable chemicalsCaballero Iglesias, Blanca MaríaLópez Urionabarrenechea, AlexanderGonzález Arcos, Jean PaulPérez Martínez, Borja BaltasarAcha Peña, EstherIturrondobeitia Ellacuria, MaiderIbarretxe Uriguen, JulenEsnaola, AritzBaskaran, Maiderglass mat-reinforced thermoplasticautomotive plasticscomplex plastic wastepolyamidepyrolysisrecyclingrecycled glass fiberslife cycle assessmentThe generation of pyrolysis liquids and gases with poor quality is a limiting factor for the development of the recycling process of fiber-reinforced plastic waste. In this article, the life cycle assessment (LCA) of an advanced two-step pyrolysis process to recycle glass fiber-reinforced polyamide waste is presented. First, the solid waste is pyrolyzed by heating up at 3 °C/min to 500 °C in a tank reactor. The generated volatiles are subsequently thermally cracked at 900 °C in a tubular packed bed reactor. The process is able to reclaim the glass fibers similarly to the conventional one reactor pyrolysis, while producing liquids and gases with better properties. The large quantity of oxygenated pyrolysis oils generated in the conventional pyrolysis are cracked into gaseous hydrocarbons, CO, CO2 and a minor aqueous liquid. The pyrolysis gases become the main product of the process, presenting an interesting composition of hydrogen (39.9 vol.%), methane (22.5 vol.%), carbon monoxide (19.5 vol.%) and ethylene (10.8 vol.%). The LCA shows that advanced pyrolysis demonstrates better environmental performance than conventional pyrolysis, avoiding fossil resource scarcity and reducing global warming by half and human carcinogenic toxicity by one third.- Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities (project PID2023-151187OB-I00) - Basque Government (IT1554-22, consolidated research groups)MDPI202620262025info:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10810/76752reponame:Addi. Archivo Digital para la Docencia y la Investigacióninstname:Universidad del País VascoInglésinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MICIU/PID2023-151187OB-I00/https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/18/7/1594info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/© 2025 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) licenseoai:addi.ehu.eus:10810/767522026-06-18T09:23:17Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Recycling fiber-reinforced polyamide waste from the automotive industry: Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of an advanced pyrolysis process to reclaim glass fibers and valuable chemicals
title Recycling fiber-reinforced polyamide waste from the automotive industry: Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of an advanced pyrolysis process to reclaim glass fibers and valuable chemicals
spellingShingle Recycling fiber-reinforced polyamide waste from the automotive industry: Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of an advanced pyrolysis process to reclaim glass fibers and valuable chemicals
Caballero Iglesias, Blanca María
glass mat-reinforced thermoplastic
automotive plastics
complex plastic waste
polyamide
pyrolysis
recycling
recycled glass fibers
life cycle assessment
title_short Recycling fiber-reinforced polyamide waste from the automotive industry: Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of an advanced pyrolysis process to reclaim glass fibers and valuable chemicals
title_full Recycling fiber-reinforced polyamide waste from the automotive industry: Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of an advanced pyrolysis process to reclaim glass fibers and valuable chemicals
title_fullStr Recycling fiber-reinforced polyamide waste from the automotive industry: Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of an advanced pyrolysis process to reclaim glass fibers and valuable chemicals
title_full_unstemmed Recycling fiber-reinforced polyamide waste from the automotive industry: Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of an advanced pyrolysis process to reclaim glass fibers and valuable chemicals
title_sort Recycling fiber-reinforced polyamide waste from the automotive industry: Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of an advanced pyrolysis process to reclaim glass fibers and valuable chemicals
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Caballero Iglesias, Blanca María
López Urionabarrenechea, Alexander
González Arcos, Jean Paul
Pérez Martínez, Borja Baltasar
Acha Peña, Esther
Iturrondobeitia Ellacuria, Maider
Ibarretxe Uriguen, Julen
Esnaola, Aritz
Baskaran, Maider
author Caballero Iglesias, Blanca María
author_facet Caballero Iglesias, Blanca María
López Urionabarrenechea, Alexander
González Arcos, Jean Paul
Pérez Martínez, Borja Baltasar
Acha Peña, Esther
Iturrondobeitia Ellacuria, Maider
Ibarretxe Uriguen, Julen
Esnaola, Aritz
Baskaran, Maider
author_role author
author2 López Urionabarrenechea, Alexander
González Arcos, Jean Paul
Pérez Martínez, Borja Baltasar
Acha Peña, Esther
Iturrondobeitia Ellacuria, Maider
Ibarretxe Uriguen, Julen
Esnaola, Aritz
Baskaran, Maider
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv glass mat-reinforced thermoplastic
automotive plastics
complex plastic waste
polyamide
pyrolysis
recycling
recycled glass fibers
life cycle assessment
topic glass mat-reinforced thermoplastic
automotive plastics
complex plastic waste
polyamide
pyrolysis
recycling
recycled glass fibers
life cycle assessment
description The generation of pyrolysis liquids and gases with poor quality is a limiting factor for the development of the recycling process of fiber-reinforced plastic waste. In this article, the life cycle assessment (LCA) of an advanced two-step pyrolysis process to recycle glass fiber-reinforced polyamide waste is presented. First, the solid waste is pyrolyzed by heating up at 3 °C/min to 500 °C in a tank reactor. The generated volatiles are subsequently thermally cracked at 900 °C in a tubular packed bed reactor. The process is able to reclaim the glass fibers similarly to the conventional one reactor pyrolysis, while producing liquids and gases with better properties. The large quantity of oxygenated pyrolysis oils generated in the conventional pyrolysis are cracked into gaseous hydrocarbons, CO, CO2 and a minor aqueous liquid. The pyrolysis gases become the main product of the process, presenting an interesting composition of hydrogen (39.9 vol.%), methane (22.5 vol.%), carbon monoxide (19.5 vol.%) and ethylene (10.8 vol.%). The LCA shows that advanced pyrolysis demonstrates better environmental performance than conventional pyrolysis, avoiding fossil resource scarcity and reducing global warming by half and human carcinogenic toxicity by one third.
publishDate 2025
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2025
2026
2026
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
format article
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10810/76752
url http://hdl.handle.net/10810/76752
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MICIU/PID2023-151187OB-I00/
https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/18/7/1594
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv MDPI
publisher.none.fl_str_mv MDPI
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Addi. Archivo Digital para la Docencia y la Investigación
instname:Universidad del País Vasco
instname_str Universidad del País Vasco
reponame_str Addi. Archivo Digital para la Docencia y la Investigación
collection Addi. Archivo Digital para la Docencia y la Investigación
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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score 15.812429

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