Nucleation of helium in liquid lithium at 843 K and high pressures

Fusion energy stands out as a promising alternative for a future decarbonised energy system. In order to be sustainable, future fusion nuclear reactors will have to produce their own tritium. In the so-called breeding blanket of a reactor, the neutron bombardment of lithium will produce the desired...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Martí Rabassa, Jordi|||0000-0002-3721-9634, Mazzanti Castrillejo, Fernando Pablo|||0000-0001-6641-0609, Astrakharchik, Grigori|||0000-0003-0394-8094, Batet Miracle, Lluís|||0000-0003-1882-6313, Portos-Amill, Laura, Pedreño, Borja
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2022
País:España
Institución:Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC)
Repositorio:UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPC
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:upcommons.upc.edu:2117/366089
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/2117/366089
https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15082866
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Nucleation
Fusion reactors
Helium
Lithium
Breeding blankets
Helium–lithium mixtures
Nucleació
Reactors de fusió
Heli
Liti
Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Física
id ES_49982faaa71df1226c8a190a3febf271
oai_identifier_str oai:upcommons.upc.edu:2117/366089
network_acronym_str ES
network_name_str España
repository_id_str
spelling Nucleation of helium in liquid lithium at 843 K and high pressuresMartí Rabassa, Jordi|||0000-0002-3721-9634Mazzanti Castrillejo, Fernando Pablo|||0000-0001-6641-0609Astrakharchik, Grigori|||0000-0003-0394-8094Batet Miracle, Lluís|||0000-0003-1882-6313Portos-Amill, LauraPedreño, BorjaNucleationFusion reactorsHeliumLithiumNucleationBreeding blanketsFusion reactorsHelium–lithium mixturesNucleacióReactors de fusióHeliLitiÀrees temàtiques de la UPC::FísicaFusion energy stands out as a promising alternative for a future decarbonised energy system. In order to be sustainable, future fusion nuclear reactors will have to produce their own tritium. In the so-called breeding blanket of a reactor, the neutron bombardment of lithium will produce the desired tritium, but also helium, which can trigger nucleation mechanisms owing to the very low solubility of helium in liquid metals. An understanding of the underlying microscopic processes is important for improving the efficiency, sustainability and reliability of the fusion energy conversion process. The spontaneous creation of helium droplets or bubbles in the liquid metal used as breeding material in some designs may be a serious issue for the performance of the breeding blankets. This phenomenon has yet to be fully studied and understood. This work aims to provide some insight on the behaviour of lithium and helium mixtures at experimentally corresponding operating conditions (843 K and pressures between 108 and 1010 Pa). We report a microscopic study of the thermodynamic, structural and dynamical properties of lithium–helium mixtures, as a first step to the simulation of the environment in a nuclear fusion power plant. We introduce a new microscopic model devised to describe the formation of helium droplets in the thermodynamic range considered. Our model predicts the formation of helium droplets at pressures around 109 Pa, with radii between 1 and 2 Å. The diffusion coefficient of lithium (2 Å2/ps) is in excellent agreement with reference experimental data, whereas the diffusion coefficient of helium is in the range of 1 Å2/ps and tends to decrease as pressure increases.Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)20222022-04-1320222022-04-19journal articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501AMhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aainfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttps://hdl.handle.net/2117/366089https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15082866reponame:UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPCinstname:Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC)Inglésengopen accesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Spainhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/es/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:upcommons.upc.edu:2117/3660892026-05-27T15:37:01Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Nucleation of helium in liquid lithium at 843 K and high pressures
title Nucleation of helium in liquid lithium at 843 K and high pressures
spellingShingle Nucleation of helium in liquid lithium at 843 K and high pressures
Martí Rabassa, Jordi|||0000-0002-3721-9634
Nucleation
Fusion reactors
Helium
Lithium
Nucleation
Breeding blankets
Fusion reactors
Helium–lithium mixtures
Nucleació
Reactors de fusió
Heli
Liti
Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Física
title_short Nucleation of helium in liquid lithium at 843 K and high pressures
title_full Nucleation of helium in liquid lithium at 843 K and high pressures
title_fullStr Nucleation of helium in liquid lithium at 843 K and high pressures
title_full_unstemmed Nucleation of helium in liquid lithium at 843 K and high pressures
title_sort Nucleation of helium in liquid lithium at 843 K and high pressures
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Martí Rabassa, Jordi|||0000-0002-3721-9634
Mazzanti Castrillejo, Fernando Pablo|||0000-0001-6641-0609
Astrakharchik, Grigori|||0000-0003-0394-8094
Batet Miracle, Lluís|||0000-0003-1882-6313
Portos-Amill, Laura
Pedreño, Borja
author Martí Rabassa, Jordi|||0000-0002-3721-9634
author_facet Martí Rabassa, Jordi|||0000-0002-3721-9634
Mazzanti Castrillejo, Fernando Pablo|||0000-0001-6641-0609
Astrakharchik, Grigori|||0000-0003-0394-8094
Batet Miracle, Lluís|||0000-0003-1882-6313
Portos-Amill, Laura
Pedreño, Borja
author_role author
author2 Mazzanti Castrillejo, Fernando Pablo|||0000-0001-6641-0609
Astrakharchik, Grigori|||0000-0003-0394-8094
Batet Miracle, Lluís|||0000-0003-1882-6313
Portos-Amill, Laura
Pedreño, Borja
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Nucleation
Fusion reactors
Helium
Lithium
Nucleation
Breeding blankets
Fusion reactors
Helium–lithium mixtures
Nucleació
Reactors de fusió
Heli
Liti
Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Física
topic Nucleation
Fusion reactors
Helium
Lithium
Nucleation
Breeding blankets
Fusion reactors
Helium–lithium mixtures
Nucleació
Reactors de fusió
Heli
Liti
Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Física
description Fusion energy stands out as a promising alternative for a future decarbonised energy system. In order to be sustainable, future fusion nuclear reactors will have to produce their own tritium. In the so-called breeding blanket of a reactor, the neutron bombardment of lithium will produce the desired tritium, but also helium, which can trigger nucleation mechanisms owing to the very low solubility of helium in liquid metals. An understanding of the underlying microscopic processes is important for improving the efficiency, sustainability and reliability of the fusion energy conversion process. The spontaneous creation of helium droplets or bubbles in the liquid metal used as breeding material in some designs may be a serious issue for the performance of the breeding blankets. This phenomenon has yet to be fully studied and understood. This work aims to provide some insight on the behaviour of lithium and helium mixtures at experimentally corresponding operating conditions (843 K and pressures between 108 and 1010 Pa). We report a microscopic study of the thermodynamic, structural and dynamical properties of lithium–helium mixtures, as a first step to the simulation of the environment in a nuclear fusion power plant. We introduce a new microscopic model devised to describe the formation of helium droplets in the thermodynamic range considered. Our model predicts the formation of helium droplets at pressures around 109 Pa, with radii between 1 and 2 Å. The diffusion coefficient of lithium (2 Å2/ps) is in excellent agreement with reference experimental data, whereas the diffusion coefficient of helium is in the range of 1 Å2/ps and tends to decrease as pressure increases.
publishDate 2022
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2022
2022-04-13
2022
2022-04-19
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv journal article
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
AM
http://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aa
dc.type.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
format article
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://hdl.handle.net/2117/366089
https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15082866
url https://hdl.handle.net/2117/366089
https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15082866
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
eng
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
language eng
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Spain
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/es/
dc.rights.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Spain
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/es/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPC
instname:Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC)
instname_str Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC)
reponame_str UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPC
collection UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPC
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
_version_ 1869407433863987200
score 15,300719