A review of digital twinning applications for floating offshore wind turbines: insights, innovations, and implementation

This paper presents a comprehensive literature review on the digital twinning of floating offshore wind turbines (FOWTs). In this study, the digital twin (DT) is defined as a dynamic virtual model that accurately mirrors a physical system throughout its lifecycle, continuously updated with real-time...

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Autores: Taze, Ibrahim Engin, Hoda, Md Armanul, Miquélez Madariaga, Irene, Maddaloni, Payton, Azam, Saeed Eftekhar
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2025
País:España
Institución:Universidad Pública de Navarra
Repositorio:Academica-e. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad Pública de Navarra
OAI Identifier:oai:academica-e.unavarra.es:2454/55405
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/2454/55405
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Floating offshore wind turbines
Kalman filter
Universal filter
Augmented Kalman filter
Digital twin
OpenFAST
Sensor networks
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spelling A review of digital twinning applications for floating offshore wind turbines: insights, innovations, and implementationTaze, Ibrahim EnginHoda, Md ArmanulMiquélez Madariaga, IreneMaddaloni, PaytonAzam, Saeed EftekharFloating offshore wind turbinesKalman filterUniversal filterAugmented Kalman filterDigital twinOpenFASTSensor networksThis paper presents a comprehensive literature review on the digital twinning of floating offshore wind turbines (FOWTs). In this study, the digital twin (DT) is defined as a dynamic virtual model that accurately mirrors a physical system throughout its lifecycle, continuously updated with real-time data and use simulations, machine learning, and analytics to support informed decision-making. The recent advancements and major issues have been introduced, which need to be addressed before realizing a FOWT DT that can be effectively used for life extension and operation and maintenance planning. This review synthesizes relevant literature reviews focused on modeling FOWT and its specific components along with the latest research. It specifically focuses on the structural, mechanical, and energy production components of FOWTs within the DT framework. The state of the art DT for FOWT, or large scale operational civil and energy infrastructure, is not yet matured to perform real-time update of digital replicas of these systems. The main barriers include real-time coupled modeling with high fidelity, the design of sensor networks, and optimization methods that synergize the sensor data and simulations to calibrate the model. Based on the literature survey provided in this paper, one of the main barriers is uncertainty associated with the external loads applied to FOWT. In this review paper, a robust method for inverse analysis in the absence of load information has been introduced and validated by using simulated experiments. Furthermore, the regulatory requirements have been provided for FOWT life extension and the potential of DT in achieving that.MDPIIngenieríaIngeniaritzaInstitute of Smart Cities - ISC2025info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdfhttps://hdl.handle.net/2454/55405reponame:Academica-e. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad Pública de Navarrainstname:Universidad Pública de NavarraInglés© 2025 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license.https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:academica-e.unavarra.es:2454/554052026-06-17T12:41:47Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv A review of digital twinning applications for floating offshore wind turbines: insights, innovations, and implementation
title A review of digital twinning applications for floating offshore wind turbines: insights, innovations, and implementation
spellingShingle A review of digital twinning applications for floating offshore wind turbines: insights, innovations, and implementation
Taze, Ibrahim Engin
Floating offshore wind turbines
Kalman filter
Universal filter
Augmented Kalman filter
Digital twin
OpenFAST
Sensor networks
title_short A review of digital twinning applications for floating offshore wind turbines: insights, innovations, and implementation
title_full A review of digital twinning applications for floating offshore wind turbines: insights, innovations, and implementation
title_fullStr A review of digital twinning applications for floating offshore wind turbines: insights, innovations, and implementation
title_full_unstemmed A review of digital twinning applications for floating offshore wind turbines: insights, innovations, and implementation
title_sort A review of digital twinning applications for floating offshore wind turbines: insights, innovations, and implementation
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Taze, Ibrahim Engin
Hoda, Md Armanul
Miquélez Madariaga, Irene
Maddaloni, Payton
Azam, Saeed Eftekhar
author Taze, Ibrahim Engin
author_facet Taze, Ibrahim Engin
Hoda, Md Armanul
Miquélez Madariaga, Irene
Maddaloni, Payton
Azam, Saeed Eftekhar
author_role author
author2 Hoda, Md Armanul
Miquélez Madariaga, Irene
Maddaloni, Payton
Azam, Saeed Eftekhar
author2_role author
author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Ingeniería
Ingeniaritza
Institute of Smart Cities - ISC
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Floating offshore wind turbines
Kalman filter
Universal filter
Augmented Kalman filter
Digital twin
OpenFAST
Sensor networks
topic Floating offshore wind turbines
Kalman filter
Universal filter
Augmented Kalman filter
Digital twin
OpenFAST
Sensor networks
description This paper presents a comprehensive literature review on the digital twinning of floating offshore wind turbines (FOWTs). In this study, the digital twin (DT) is defined as a dynamic virtual model that accurately mirrors a physical system throughout its lifecycle, continuously updated with real-time data and use simulations, machine learning, and analytics to support informed decision-making. The recent advancements and major issues have been introduced, which need to be addressed before realizing a FOWT DT that can be effectively used for life extension and operation and maintenance planning. This review synthesizes relevant literature reviews focused on modeling FOWT and its specific components along with the latest research. It specifically focuses on the structural, mechanical, and energy production components of FOWTs within the DT framework. The state of the art DT for FOWT, or large scale operational civil and energy infrastructure, is not yet matured to perform real-time update of digital replicas of these systems. The main barriers include real-time coupled modeling with high fidelity, the design of sensor networks, and optimization methods that synergize the sensor data and simulations to calibrate the model. Based on the literature survey provided in this paper, one of the main barriers is uncertainty associated with the external loads applied to FOWT. In this review paper, a robust method for inverse analysis in the absence of load information has been introduced and validated by using simulated experiments. Furthermore, the regulatory requirements have been provided for FOWT life extension and the potential of DT in achieving that.
publishDate 2025
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2025
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://hdl.handle.net/2454/55405
url https://hdl.handle.net/2454/55405
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv MDPI
publisher.none.fl_str_mv MDPI
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Academica-e. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad Pública de Navarra
instname:Universidad Pública de Navarra
instname_str Universidad Pública de Navarra
reponame_str Academica-e. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad Pública de Navarra
collection Academica-e. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad Pública de Navarra
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repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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