Uso y percepción de la inteligencia artificial en estudiantes de Medicina Españoles
Introduction: The recent emergence of artificial intelligence (AI) tools, especially generative languagemodels, is transforming university environments and posing pedagogical, ethical, and challenges in medical education. However, few studies analyze students' experiences andperceptions in the...
| Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | article |
| Publication Date: | 2026 |
| Country: | España |
| Institution: | Universidad de Murcia |
| Repository: | DIGITUM. Depósito Digital Institucional de la Universidad de Murcia |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:digitum.um.es:10201/223401 |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.6018/edumed.704241 http://hdl.handle.net/10201/223401 |
| Access Level: | Open access |
| Keyword: | Medical education Medical students Digital literacy Medical training Inteligencia artificial Educación médica Estudiantes de medicina Alfabetización digital Formación médica España Artificial intelligence No relacionado con ningún objetivo de desarrollo sostenible |
| Summary: | Introduction: The recent emergence of artificial intelligence (AI) tools, especially generative languagemodels, is transforming university environments and posing pedagogical, ethical, and challenges in medical education. However, few studies analyze students' experiences andperceptions in the Spanish context. Objective: To explore the use and perception of AI amongmedical students in Spanish medical schools. Methods: A multicenter cross-sectional study wasconducted using an anonymous online questionnaire administered to students in Spanish medicalschools (February–March 2024). Descriptive statistics of the collected variables and inferentialanalyses were performed. Open-ended responses were subjected to exploratory inductive thematicanalysis to identify recurring patterns of meaning. Results: A total of 508 students from 32 medicalschools responded to the survey (67.5% women). 73% reported using AI-based applications in theirdaily lives and 68% in their academic activities. The most frequent uses were comparing information(67.7%), preparing for exams (53.1%), and proposing solutions to tasks (51.4%). ChatGPT was themost used tool (80.8%). Although adoption was high, the perceived impact on daily life was moderate(mean 2.39/5). More than 70% expressed concern about the accuracy and quality of the informationgenerated. 81% had not received specific training, and 86% expressed a desire to receive it. Thequalitative analysis identified five main themes: the need for regulation, concern about biases, theperception of AI as a complementary tool, the demand for structured training, and the assessment ofits usefulness as explanatory support. Conclusions: Spanish medical students show a broad butcritical adoption of AI, combining frequent use with an awareness of its limitations. The high demandfor specific training suggests the need to integrate competencies related to the responsible use of AIinto medical curricula |
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