Desarrollo de un análisis multicriterio para la selección de alternativas sostenibles para el postratamiento del efluente de biodigestores de bajo coste
The implementation of low cost biodigestors in developing countries give an exploitation opportunity to use those organic wastes originating from the agricultural activities of the area. Thus, the anaerobic digestion generates a biogas production that it is useful as an energetic alternative to the...
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| Tipo de recurso: | tesis de maestría |
| Fecha de publicación: | 2020 |
| País: | España |
| Institución: | Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC) |
| Repositorio: | UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPC |
| Idioma: | español |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:upcommons.upc.edu:2117/341453 |
| Acceso en línea: | https://hdl.handle.net/2117/341453 |
| Access Level: | acceso abierto |
| Palabra clave: | Biogas Biogàs -- Països en vies de desenvolupament Residus orgànics -- Depuració -- Tractament anaeròbic Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Desenvolupament humà i sostenible::Enginyeria ambiental |
| Sumario: | The implementation of low cost biodigestors in developing countries give an exploitation opportunity to use those organic wastes originating from the agricultural activities of the area. Thus, the anaerobic digestion generates a biogas production that it is useful as an energetic alternative to the consumption of other fuels such as firewood and diesel oil that can produce affectations for the human health and the environment. This process is carried out through an input of water and fresh cattle manure to the biodigestor. At the exit, we obtain biogas as a fuel and a digested unloading. The digested it is composed by a solid and a liquid fraction. Both fractions have a relevant nutrients composition for their use as an organic fertilizer. However, there are limitations for its direct application to the soil because it can contain pathogens and other harmful substances for the crops and, at the same time, it can generate eutrification and greenhouse gas emissions, which violates the requirements established by law. For this reason, it is necessary to count with different valid post treatment options of the digested to treat the effluent of the biodigestor, improving its physicochemical, biochemical and microbiological characteristics. This project evaluates different alternatives of post treatments by means of a Multi-criteria Analysis, the creation of a universal criteria list and the opinion of the experts and users in their work environments. The development and implementation of this tool offers a valid information about the effects that causes each post treatment alternatives in the geosphere, biosphere, sociosphere and the economic activity. With the aim of facilitating the decision-making for the evaluation of the post treatment alternatives of the digested in a rural context, it is required to weigh numerically the universal criteria depending on their importance through surveys made by experts and users of the sector. Finally, to check the validity of the multi-criteria tool, it is applied to two real cases where the intention is to select the most suitable digested’s post treatment technology for the two rural Colombian communities. |
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