Source contribution to the bulk atmospheric deposition of minor and trace elements in a Northern Spanish coastal urban area

Mo, Ni, Pb, Ti, V and Zn was investigated in Santander, a Northern Spanish coastal city. Bulk deposition samples were collected monthly for three years using a bottle/funnel device. Taking into account that heavy metals are bioavailable only in their soluble forms, water-soluble and water-insoluble...

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Detalhes bibliográficos
Autores: Fernández Olmo, Ignacio|||0000-0001-6096-5160, Puente García, Mariano, Montecalvo, Lucía, Irabien Gulías, Ángel|||0000-0002-2411-4163
Formato: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2014
País:España
Recursos:Universidad de Cantabria (UC)
Repositorio:UCrea Repositorio Abierto de la Universidad de Cantabria
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:repositorio.unican.es:10902/9737
Acesso em linha:http://hdl.handle.net/10902/9737
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palavra-chave:Bulk atmospheric deposition
Trace elements
Positive Matrix Factorisation
Seasonal variability
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spelling Source contribution to the bulk atmospheric deposition of minor and trace elements in a Northern Spanish coastal urban areaFernández Olmo, Ignacio|||0000-0001-6096-5160Puente García, MarianoMontecalvo, LucíaIrabien Gulías, Ángel|||0000-0002-2411-4163Bulk atmospheric depositionTrace elementsPositive Matrix FactorisationSeasonal variabilityMo, Ni, Pb, Ti, V and Zn was investigated in Santander, a Northern Spanish coastal city. Bulk deposition samples were collected monthly for three years using a bottle/funnel device. Taking into account that heavy metals are bioavailable only in their soluble forms, water-soluble and water-insoluble fractions were evaluated separately for element concentration. The fluxes of the studied elements in the bulk deposition exhibited the following order: Zn>Mn>>Cu>Cr>Pb>V>Ni>>As>Mo>Cd. The fluxes of Zn and Mn were more than 10 times higher than those of the other elements, withmaximumvalues of 554.5 and 334.1 µg m-2 day-1, respectively. Low solubilities (below 22%) were found for Cr, Ti and Pb, whereas the highest solubility was found for Zn (78%). With the exception of Cu, all of the studied metals in the water-soluble fraction of the atmospheric deposition showed seasonal dependence, due to the seasonal variability of precipitation. The enrichment factors (EFs) of Cu, Cd and Zn were higher than 100, indicating a clear anthropogenic origin. The EF of Mn (50) was below 100, but an exclusively industrial origin is suggested. Positive Matrix Factorisation (PMF) was used for the source apportionment of the studiedminor and trace elements in the soluble fraction. Four factors were identified from PMF, and their chemical profiles were compared with those calculated from known sources that were previously identified in Santander Bay: two industrial sources, the first of which was characterised by Zn and Mn, which contributes 62.5% of the total deposition flux of the studied elements; a traffic source; and a maritime source. Zinc and Mn are considered to be the most characteristic pollutants of the studied area.The authors are grateful for the financial support from the CTM 2010-16068 project (Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation).ElsevierUniversidad de Cantabria20142014-09-01journal articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501NAhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_be7fb7dd8ff6fe43info:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://hdl.handle.net/10902/9737Atmospheric Research, 2014, 145–146, 80–91reponame:UCrea Repositorio Abierto de la Universidad de Cantabriainstname:Universidad de Cantabria (UC)Inglésengopen accesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 3.0 Españahttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/es/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:repositorio.unican.es:10902/97372026-06-02T12:39:31Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Source contribution to the bulk atmospheric deposition of minor and trace elements in a Northern Spanish coastal urban area
title Source contribution to the bulk atmospheric deposition of minor and trace elements in a Northern Spanish coastal urban area
spellingShingle Source contribution to the bulk atmospheric deposition of minor and trace elements in a Northern Spanish coastal urban area
Fernández Olmo, Ignacio|||0000-0001-6096-5160
Bulk atmospheric deposition
Trace elements
Positive Matrix Factorisation
Seasonal variability
title_short Source contribution to the bulk atmospheric deposition of minor and trace elements in a Northern Spanish coastal urban area
title_full Source contribution to the bulk atmospheric deposition of minor and trace elements in a Northern Spanish coastal urban area
title_fullStr Source contribution to the bulk atmospheric deposition of minor and trace elements in a Northern Spanish coastal urban area
title_full_unstemmed Source contribution to the bulk atmospheric deposition of minor and trace elements in a Northern Spanish coastal urban area
title_sort Source contribution to the bulk atmospheric deposition of minor and trace elements in a Northern Spanish coastal urban area
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Fernández Olmo, Ignacio|||0000-0001-6096-5160
Puente García, Mariano
Montecalvo, Lucía
Irabien Gulías, Ángel|||0000-0002-2411-4163
author Fernández Olmo, Ignacio|||0000-0001-6096-5160
author_facet Fernández Olmo, Ignacio|||0000-0001-6096-5160
Puente García, Mariano
Montecalvo, Lucía
Irabien Gulías, Ángel|||0000-0002-2411-4163
author_role author
author2 Puente García, Mariano
Montecalvo, Lucía
Irabien Gulías, Ángel|||0000-0002-2411-4163
author2_role author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Universidad de Cantabria
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Bulk atmospheric deposition
Trace elements
Positive Matrix Factorisation
Seasonal variability
topic Bulk atmospheric deposition
Trace elements
Positive Matrix Factorisation
Seasonal variability
description Mo, Ni, Pb, Ti, V and Zn was investigated in Santander, a Northern Spanish coastal city. Bulk deposition samples were collected monthly for three years using a bottle/funnel device. Taking into account that heavy metals are bioavailable only in their soluble forms, water-soluble and water-insoluble fractions were evaluated separately for element concentration. The fluxes of the studied elements in the bulk deposition exhibited the following order: Zn>Mn>>Cu>Cr>Pb>V>Ni>>As>Mo>Cd. The fluxes of Zn and Mn were more than 10 times higher than those of the other elements, withmaximumvalues of 554.5 and 334.1 µg m-2 day-1, respectively. Low solubilities (below 22%) were found for Cr, Ti and Pb, whereas the highest solubility was found for Zn (78%). With the exception of Cu, all of the studied metals in the water-soluble fraction of the atmospheric deposition showed seasonal dependence, due to the seasonal variability of precipitation. The enrichment factors (EFs) of Cu, Cd and Zn were higher than 100, indicating a clear anthropogenic origin. The EF of Mn (50) was below 100, but an exclusively industrial origin is suggested. Positive Matrix Factorisation (PMF) was used for the source apportionment of the studiedminor and trace elements in the soluble fraction. Four factors were identified from PMF, and their chemical profiles were compared with those calculated from known sources that were previously identified in Santander Bay: two industrial sources, the first of which was characterised by Zn and Mn, which contributes 62.5% of the total deposition flux of the studied elements; a traffic source; and a maritime source. Zinc and Mn are considered to be the most characteristic pollutants of the studied area.
publishDate 2014
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2014
2014-09-01
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv journal article
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
NA
http://purl.org/coar/version/c_be7fb7dd8ff6fe43
dc.type.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
format article
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10902/9737
url http://hdl.handle.net/10902/9737
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
eng
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
language eng
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 3.0 España
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/es/
dc.rights.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 3.0 España
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/es/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv Atmospheric Research, 2014, 145–146, 80–91
reponame:UCrea Repositorio Abierto de la Universidad de Cantabria
instname:Universidad de Cantabria (UC)
instname_str Universidad de Cantabria (UC)
reponame_str UCrea Repositorio Abierto de la Universidad de Cantabria
collection UCrea Repositorio Abierto de la Universidad de Cantabria
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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score 15,301629

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