Receptors of thyroid hormones

The important physiological actions of the thyroid hormones are mediated by binding to nuclear thyroid hormone receptors (TRs), encoded by two genes TRα and TRβ. These receptors act as hormone-dependent transcription factors by binding to DNA motifs located in the regulatory regions of target genes...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Aranda, Ana, Alonso-Merino, Elvira, Zambrano, Alberto
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2013
País:España
Institución:Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
Repositorio:Biblos-e Archivo. Repositorio Institucional de la UAM
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:repositorio.uam.es:10486/662390
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/10486/662390
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Thyroid receptors
Thyroid hormones
Biología y Biomedicina / Biología
Descripción
Sumario:The important physiological actions of the thyroid hormones are mediated by binding to nuclear thyroid hormone receptors (TRs), encoded by two genes TRα and TRβ. These receptors act as hormone-dependent transcription factors by binding to DNA motifs located in the regulatory regions of target genes and recruiting coregulators (coactivators and corepresors), which alter chromatin structure. Novel thyromimetics have been developed that bind preferentially TRβ and could be used for treatment of hyperlipidemia and obesity. TRβ gene mutations cause resistance to thyroid hormones (RTH), characterized by unappropriately high thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels due to lack of feedback inhibition of thyroid hormones on the hypothalamus and pituitary gland, and to reduced sensitivity of other TRβ target tissues to thyroid hormones. Very recently, patients heterozygous for TRα mutations have been identified. These patients exhibit clinical symptoms of hypothyroidism in TRα target tissues such as intestine or hearth and near normal circulating TSH and thyroid hormone levels.