Hybrid binders through alkaline activation of fine construction and demolition waste

The use of construction and demolition waste (CDW) as an alternative binder to ordinary Portland cement presents a promising solution through alkaline activation. This study evaluates the physical, mechanical, and microstructural behaviour of pastes and mortars produced with CDW—specifically concret...

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Detalhes bibliográficos
Autores: Retamal Rojas, Manuel Domingo, Aponte Hernández, Diego Fernando|||0000-0001-5737-7819, Valencia Saavedra, William, Robayo Salazar, Rafael, Barra Bizinotto, Marilda|||0000-0002-1417-1615
Formato: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2025
País:España
Recursos:Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC)
Repositorio:UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPC
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:upcommons.upc.edu:2117/439463
Acesso em linha:https://hdl.handle.net/2117/439463
https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma18143227
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palavra-chave:Construction and demolition waste
Alkali activation
Geopolymer
Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Enginyeria civil::Materials i estructures::Materials i estructures de formigó
Descrição
Resumo:The use of construction and demolition waste (CDW) as an alternative binder to ordinary Portland cement presents a promising solution through alkaline activation. This study evaluates the physical, mechanical, and microstructural behaviour of pastes and mortars produced with CDW—specifically concrete (RH) and ceramic (RC) waste—activated with NaOH and Na2SiO3 (SS) solutions. Mortars were prepared with NaOH/SS ratios of 0.2 and 0.3 and an activator-to-precursor (AA/P) ratio of 0.2. Results showed that higher NaOH content accelerated alkaline activation, reducing setting times from 6.2 h to 3.7 h for RC and from 4.6 h to 3.2 h for RH. Conversely, increasing Na2SiO3 content led to greater drying shrinkage, from -0.42% to -0.49% in RC and from -0.46% to -0.52% in RH. Compressive strength values at 28 days ranged from 7.6 to 8.2 MPa. X-ray diffraction (XRD) revealed the presence of non-reactive crystalline phases in both precursors, while Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy indicated the formation of CASH, CSH, and/or (N)CASH gels. This study highlights the potential of CDW as a sustainable alternative binder and the usefulness of the proposed method for optimising alkali-activated systems, contributing to circular economy strategies in the construction sector.