COVID-19: FROM THE RESPIRATORY INFECTION TO THE CARDIOVASCULAR DISORDERS
COVID-19 is a disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, a virus responsible for the current pandemic of great concern for global public health. The viral infection of COVID-19 is highly virulent and pathogenic, being transmitted by inhalation or by contact with infected droplets. The tropism of the virus by air...
| Autores: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Tipo de recurso: | artículo |
| Estado: | Versión publicada |
| Fecha de publicación: | 2021 |
| País: | Brasil |
| Institución: | Faculdade de Medicina de Campos (FMC) |
| Repositorio: | Revista Científica da Faculdade de Medicina de Campos |
| Idioma: | portugués |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:ojs.www.fmc.br:article/380 |
| Acceso en línea: | https://www.fmc.br/ojs/index.php/RCFMC/article/view/380 |
| Access Level: | acceso abierto |
| Palabra clave: | Coronavírus SARS-CoV-2 cardiovascular hipertensão Coronavirus hypertension |
| Sumario: | COVID-19 is a disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, a virus responsible for the current pandemic of great concern for global public health. The viral infection of COVID-19 is highly virulent and pathogenic, being transmitted by inhalation or by contact with infected droplets. The tropism of the virus by airways is due to the glycoprotein S present in its structure that recognizes the ACE2 receptors, located mainly in type 1 and type 2 pneumocytes, in the brush border of the proximal arteries and veins of all tissues, besides the cells of the arterial smooth muscle, explaining the correlation between SARS-CoV-2 and the cardiorespiratory system. The infection by SARS-CoV-2 decreases the function of this enzyme and consequently causes an increase in the predisposition to inflammatory conditions. Furthermore, it is important to emphasize the role of ACE2 in the conversion of angiotensin 2 into 1-7, having also a relation with blood pressure control mechanism through renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. Patients with cardiovascular comorbidities, such as arterial hypertension and coronary disease, tend to present worse prognosis. In addition, COVID-19 also generates damage to the cardiovascular system. Although specific treatments, drugs or vaccines for SARS-CoV-2 infection have not been standardized, some drugs may act to improve patients' symptoms. In this review, we highlight the interaction of the infection with the cardiovascular system and present viral structural and transmission aspects, mechanisms of infection, clinical manifestations and the drugs used to treat symptoms so far. |
|---|