Primary open angle Glaucoma

Primary open-angle glaucoma is characterized by the progressive and irreversible loss of retinal nerve fibers and retinal ganglion cells, being the leading cause of irreversible blindness in the world. The major risk factor and the only one modifiable is the elevated intraocular pressure, caused by...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autor: Encinas-Zevallos, Santiago
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2023
País:Perú
Institución:Fundación Instituto Hipólito Unanue
Repositorio:Diagnóstico
Idioma:español
OAI Identifier:oai:revistadiagnostico.fihu.org.pe:article/438
Acceso en línea:https://revistadiagnostico.fihu.org.pe/index.php/diagnostico/article/view/438
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Glaucoma primario de ángulo abierto
presión intraocular
cabeza de nervio óptico
capa de fibras nerviosas retinales
tomografía de coherencia óptica
perimetría
trabeculectomía
cirugía mínimamente invasiva de glaucoma (MIGS)
Primary open-angle glaucoma
intraocular pressure
optic nerve head
retinal nerve fiber layer
optical coherence tomography
perimetry
trabeculectomy
minimal invasive glaucoma surgery (MIGS)
Descripción
Sumario:Primary open-angle glaucoma is characterized by the progressive and irreversible loss of retinal nerve fibers and retinal ganglion cells, being the leading cause of irreversible blindness in the world. The major risk factor and the only one modifiable is the elevated intraocular pressure, caused by increased resistance to the outflow of aqueous humor through the trabecular meshwork, which causes compression, deformation, and remodeling of the lamina cribosa with the consequent mechanical damage and disruption of axonal transport. Other risk factors are family heredity, age, race, thin central corneal thickness and myopia. Genetic transmission can be of complex inheritance however the genes identified are only present in less than 10% of cases. Diagnosis requires evaluation of the optic nerve head and retinal nerve fiber layer through ophthalmoscopy and by optical coherence tomography, as well as evaluation of perimetry. The only accepted treatment is the reduction of intraocular pressure through medical therapy, laser trabeculoplasty or surgical management.