High altitude physiology. Does high altitude affect homeostasis?

In the world, there are thousands of people who live in high-altitude cities. These generate a reduction in atmospheric oxygen pressure and hypobaric hypoxia, causing multiple changes in physiological systems. The effect of altitude on pulmonary, cardiac, and hematological function has been extensiv...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Vizcarra–Vizcarra, Cristhian Adolfo, Pérez–Quispe, Elsa Carolina, Pilco–Prado, Luana Edelmira, Quispe–Ramos, José Armando, Monzón–Gonzáles, Miguel Ángel, Ramos–Paredes, Gianmarco Alejandro
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2024
País:Perú
Institución:Cuerpo Médico Hospital Nacional Almanzor Aguinaga Asenjo
Repositorio:Revista del Cuerpo Médico Hospital Nacional Almanzor Aguinaga Asenjo
Idioma:español
OAI Identifier:oai:cmhnaaa_ojs_cmhnaaa.cmhnaaa.org.pe:article/1866
Acceso en línea:https://cmhnaaa.org.pe/ojs/index.php/rcmhnaaa/article/view/1866
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:altitud
fisiología
homeostasis
mal de altura
altitude
physiology
altitude sickness
Descripción
Sumario:In the world, there are thousands of people who live in high-altitude cities. These generate a reduction in atmospheric oxygen pressure and hypobaric hypoxia, causing multiple changes in physiological systems. The effect of altitude on pulmonary, cardiac, and hematological function has been extensively studied during acute or chronic exposure, causing increased pulmonary ventilation, arterial pressure variability, and polycythemia. In kidney, it causes a decrease in the glomerular filtration rate, which can trigger chronic kidney disease. Similarly, there are changes in the endocrinological-reproductive axis, in brain and even gastrointestinal function. The maladaptation of these systems generates pathologies such as acute and chronic mountain sickness, pulmonary edema, and high-altitude cerebral edema. This review presents a description of the main changes seen in physiological systems after exposure to altitude.