Nanoparticles in the treatment of neonatal hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy

Neonatal encephalopathy (HIE) is a clinical syndrome of neurological dysfunction, with symptoms ranging from mild irritability to coma and seizures, contributing significantly to global disability. In developed countries, it occurs in 2-3 per 1000 full-term births, with higher incidence in low- and...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Tsenkush Chamik, Etsa Robinson, Gavilanes Ramon, Jennyfer Fernanda
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2025
País:Perú
Institución:Fundación Instituto Hipólito Unanue
Repositorio:Diagnóstico
Idioma:español
OAI Identifier:oai:revistadiagnostico.fihu.org.pe:article/549
Acceso en línea:https://revistadiagnostico.fihu.org.pe/index.php/diagnostico/article/view/549
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Hipoxia-isquemia cerebral
nanoparticulas
nanomedicina
dendrimeros
Hypoxia-Ischemia
Brain
nanoparticles
nanomedicine
dendrimers
Descripción
Sumario:Neonatal encephalopathy (HIE) is a clinical syndrome of neurological dysfunction, with symptoms ranging from mild irritability to coma and seizures, contributing significantly to global disability. In developed countries, it occurs in 2-3 per 1000 full-term births, with higher incidence in low- and middle-income regions. The primary treatment is hypothermia, although it only improves outcomes in 50% of cases. Recent studies focus on alternative therapeutic options such as nanomedicine to address oxidative stress, mitochondrial failure, excitotoxicity, and apoptosis associated with HIE. Nanotechnology offers promising advances in neurological treatments, including improved drug delivery across the blood-brain barrier and increased bioavailability. This review explores several nanomedicine-based therapies, such as nanoparticles loaded with dendrimer-based catalase inhibitors and melatonin nanoformulations, which show significant neuroprotective potential in animal models of neonatal brain injury. These therapies aim to improve the effectiveness of treatment for HIE, addressing the limitations of current treatments and providing approaches for an effective treatment in the future within everyone's reach.