Insecticidal activity of leaf ethanolic extracts of nine piperacea (Piper spp.) on Drosophila melanogaster

Currently, indiscriminate use of synthetic pesticides has caused serious problems in the environment, so it is necessary to research and develop new alternatives for the control of pests. Plants, for its biological activity, are an important source of new compounds that can replace synthetic pestici...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Carmona-Hernández, Óscar, Fernández, María del Socorro, Palmeros-Sánchez, Beatriz, Lozada-García, José Armando
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2015
País:México
Institución:UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL AUTÓNOMA DE MÉXICO
Repositorio:Revista Internacional de Contaminación Ambiental
Idioma:español
OAI Identifier:oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/45981
Acceso en línea:https://www.revistascca.unam.mx/rica/index.php/rica/article/view/45981
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:bioinsecticides
toxicity
LC50
bioassays
bioinsecticidas
toxicidad
CL50
bioensayos
Descripción
Sumario:Currently, indiscriminate use of synthetic pesticides has caused serious problems in the environment, so it is necessary to research and develop new alternatives for the control of pests. Plants, for its biological activity, are an important source of new compounds that can replace synthetic pesticides. The toxicity associated with extracts from various species of the genus Piper has been associated with a high insecticidal activity. The chemical nature of the compounds with biological activity present in the plant extracts is carried out through a preliminary phytochemical characterization, which complemented demonstrating their effectiveness in various biological models. In this work it’s evaluated the insecticidal activity of the ethanol extracts leaf of 9 Piper species collected in the central region of the State of Veracruz. Leaf samples were extracted in Soxhlet until exhaustion and the obtained extracts were concentrated on a rotary evaporator under reduced pressure. The medium lethal concentration (LC50) was determined in adult Drosophila melanogaster Canton S strain by contact disks test. The phytochemical analysis determined the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenes and/or sterols in the nine species, while the coumarins only was found in P. hispidum, P. umbellatum, P. nudum and P. psilorhachis. It does not detect the presence of saponins in any of the studied species. All extracts were insecticidal activity against D. melanogaster; P amalago presented the highest activity (LC50 of 27.95 mg/mL) followed by P. umbellatum (34.54), P. aduncum (54.20), P. nudum (176.77), P. diandrum (261.72), P. psilorhachis (625.6), P. hispidum (761.98) and P. sanctum (4704.93). It is concluded that the species with the greatest potential to use its extracts as bioinsecticides are P. amalago, P. umbellatum and P. aduncum since shown to be toxic at lowest concentrations.