Captura de CO₂ por una comunidad de microalgas obtenidas de un ecosistema natural mexicano
The aim of this research was to characterize the CO₂ capture and growth in a photobioreactor using microalgae cultures. The biological material was obtained from the lake Poza Churince located 19.5 km southwest from Cuatro Ciénegas. Bubble column reactor (BCR) and airlift reactor (ALR) were used thr...
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| Tipo de recurso: | tesis de maestría |
| Estado: | Versión publicada |
| Fecha de publicación: | 2010 |
| País: | México |
| Institución: | Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana |
| Repositorio: | Repositorio Institucional de la UAM Iztapalapa |
| Idioma: | español |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:bindani.izt.uam.mx:vm40xr75s |
| Acceso en línea: | https://doi.org/10.24275/uami.vm40xr75s |
| Access Level: | acceso abierto |
| Palabra clave: | info:eu-repo/classification/LEM/Mitigación de dióxido de carbono info:eu-repo/classification/LEM/Calentamiento global info:eu-repo/classification/LEM/Global warming info:eu-repo/classification/LEM/Carbon dioxide mitigation info:eu-repo/classification/LEM/Biotechnology info:eu-repo/classification/LEM/Dióxido de carbono atmosférico info:eu-repo/classification/LEM/Microalgae info:eu-repo/classification/LEM/Microalgas info:eu-repo/classification/LEM/Biotecnología info:eu-repo/classification/LEM/Atmospheric carbon dioxide info:eu-repo/classification/cti/6 |
| Sumario: | The aim of this research was to characterize the CO₂ capture and growth in a photobioreactor using microalgae cultures. The biological material was obtained from the lake Poza Churince located 19.5 km southwest from Cuatro Ciénegas. Bubble column reactor (BCR) and airlift reactor (ALR) were used throughout the study. The reactors were fed with air streams at 0.8 vvm with 5 and 10% of CO₂ v/v and a light exposition of 3260 Lux. After 19 days, 3.25 Kg m⁻³ and 3.9 Kg m⁻³ of biomass was obtaining for the ALR and BCR, respectively operating at 5% of CO₂. Maximum CO₂ capture rates were 17.13 and 20.8 Kg m⁻³ d⁻¹ for the ALR and BCR, respectively. When feeding at 10% CO₂ stream, the final biomass content was determined to be 3.8 and 2.6 Kg m⁻³ for the BCR and ALR, meanwhile the respective maximum CO₂ capture rates were 21.98 and 26.38 Kg m⁻³ d⁻¹ . In both operation conditions, biofilm attachment was observed on the ALR walls. Conversely the attachment was not detected for the BCR, causing a decrease in biomass concentration and a lower CO₂ capture. Because of the decreased activity in the ALR due to biofilm attachment, it was decided to continue experiments only in the BCR. Additionally, it was observed that the microalgal community composed of Chlorophyta and Cyanobacteria turned into a unialgal culture. It was concluded that the microalga dominant belongs to the division: Chlorophyta, order: Chlorococcales, family Coccomyxaceae, genus: Ourococcus Grobety. It was concluded that increasing the light intensity of 8000 Lx cause an increment in the kinetic parameters of Ourococcus sp. (Xmax, maximum biomass; μmax, specific maximum growth rate; Pmax, maximum productivity; PCO₂, CO₂ fixation rate). Maximum biomass was obtained at 8000 Lx and 5% CO₂ (6 Kg m⁻³ ). However a reduction in the removal rates (% RCO₂) and the elimination capacity in the system (EC) was observed at this operation condition. High CO₂ feeding rates promote higher carbon captures. Nevertheless enhancement in Pmax was not obtained at high CO₂ feeding rate. Additionally, a flow at 0.8 vvm increased productivity and biomass concentration. The maximum CO2 fixation rate, removal rate and elimination capacity was attained at 10% CO₂, 5620 Lx and flow at 0.8 vvm. No inhibition was observed operating a gas streams with 10% CO₂ and loading rate up to 160 Kg CO₂ m⁻³ d⁻¹ . The maximum %RCO₂ was 25% supplying 10% CO₂ at 0.4 vvm and 5620 Lx. The PCO₂ and Pmax using microalgae are lower than those obtained in this study. For example, de Morais and Costa (2007c) observed that Chlorella kessleri Fott et Nováková shows a PCO₂ of 0.163 Kg m⁻³ d⁻¹ and Pmax of 0.087 Kg m⁻³ d⁻¹ , also in 2007a with Spirulina sp. same authors obtained a PCO₂ of 0.413 Kg m⁻³ d⁻¹ and a Pmax of 0.22 Kg m⁻³ d⁻¹ . In this study using Ourococcus sp. a PCO₂ of 0.92 Kg m⁻³ d⁻¹ and a Pmax of 0.517 Kg m⁻³ d⁻¹ was obtained. On the other hand, Ourococcus sp. shows the ability to store up to a 20-30% of its dry weight as oil. Therefore these algae can be used as raw material to obtain oil, since a productivity of 0.5 Kg m⁻³ d⁻¹ with a maximum biomass of 6 Kg m⁻³ was obtained. |
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