The prevalence of anemia decreased in Mexican preschool and school-age children from 1999 to 2006

Objective. To compare the distribution of anemia in children, based on information from Mexican National Health and Nutrition Survey 2006 (ENSANUT 2006) and Mexican National Nutrition Survey 1999 (ENN-99), and examine the association of anemia with potentially explanatory variables. Material and Met...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Salvador Villalpando, Teresa Shamah-Levy, Armando García-Guerra, Verónica Mundo-Rosas, Clara Domínguez, Fabiola Mejía-Rodríguez
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2009
País:México
Institución:Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública
Repositorio:Redalyc-INSP
OAI Identifier:oai:redalyc.org:10612586005
Acceso en línea:https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=10612586005
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Salud
Anemia
Mexico
food fortified
preschool children
Descripción
Sumario:Objective. To compare the distribution of anemia in children, based on information from Mexican National Health and Nutrition Survey 2006 (ENSANUT 2006) and Mexican National Nutrition Survey 1999 (ENN-99), and examine the association of anemia with potentially explanatory variables. Material and Methods. Adjusted prevalence and means as well as associations with potentially explanatory variables were assessed by multiple linear and logistic regression models for complex samples. Results. From 1999 to 2006, the prevalence of anemia decreased 13.8 percentage points (pp) in toddlers and 7.8 pp in children 24-35 months of age; it also decreased 0.7 pp/year in urban and rural populations, 1.8 pp/year in indigenous and 0.61 pp/year in non-indigenous toddlers, 1.5 pp/year in children 5-8 years of age and 0.78 pp/year in children 9-11 years of age. In toddlers served by Oportunidades, Hb was inversely associated with indigenous ethnicity (p=0.1) and they had a lower risk of anemia (OR=0.002). In school-age children, age (OR=0.98), affiliation to Liconsa (OR=0.42) and living in the central region (OR=0.56) were protective factors for anemia. Conclusions. The national prevalence of anemia in Mexico has decreased in the past seven years, especially in toddlers. Being a beneficiary of Liconsa or Oportunidades was protective for anemia.