Ecological factors that determine distribution and abundance of the California sea lion Zalophus Californianus in the Gulf Of California

The population of the California sea lion Zulophus californianus (Lesson, 1828) in the Gulf of California during the breeding seasons of the 1980’s was estimated at 23,256 individuals, and 31,393 if census adjustments are applied. Of this total (23,256), 6.9% were adult males, 5.0% subadult males, 4...

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Detalhes bibliográficos
Autores: Aurioles-Gamboa, D, Zavala-González, A
Tipo de documento: artigo
Estado:Versão publicada
Data de publicação:1994
País:México
Recursos:UNIVERSIDAD AUTÓNOMA DE BAJA CALIFORNIA
Repositório:Ciencias Marinas
Idioma:inglês
OAI Identifier:oai:cienciasmarinas.com.mx:article/976
Acesso em linha:https://www.cienciasmarinas.com.mx/index.php/cmarinas/article/view/976
Access Level:Acceso aberto
Palavra-chave:California sea lion
abundance and distribution
population structure
operational sex ratio
Gulf of California
lobo marino
abundancia y distribución
estructura poblacional
proporción sexual
golfo de California
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dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Ecological factors that determine distribution and abundance of the California sea lion Zalophus Californianus in the Gulf Of California
Algunos factores ecológicos que determinan la distribución y abundancia del lobo marino Zalophus californianus, en el Golfo de California
title Ecological factors that determine distribution and abundance of the California sea lion Zalophus Californianus in the Gulf Of California
spellingShingle Ecological factors that determine distribution and abundance of the California sea lion Zalophus Californianus in the Gulf Of California
Aurioles-Gamboa, D
California sea lion
abundance and distribution
population structure
operational sex ratio
Gulf of California
lobo marino
abundancia y distribución
estructura poblacional
proporción sexual
golfo de California
title_short Ecological factors that determine distribution and abundance of the California sea lion Zalophus Californianus in the Gulf Of California
title_full Ecological factors that determine distribution and abundance of the California sea lion Zalophus Californianus in the Gulf Of California
title_fullStr Ecological factors that determine distribution and abundance of the California sea lion Zalophus Californianus in the Gulf Of California
title_full_unstemmed Ecological factors that determine distribution and abundance of the California sea lion Zalophus Californianus in the Gulf Of California
title_sort Ecological factors that determine distribution and abundance of the California sea lion Zalophus Californianus in the Gulf Of California
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Aurioles-Gamboa, D
Zavala-González, A
author Aurioles-Gamboa, D
author_facet Aurioles-Gamboa, D
Zavala-González, A
author_role author
author2 Zavala-González, A
author2_role author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv California sea lion
abundance and distribution
population structure
operational sex ratio
Gulf of California
lobo marino
abundancia y distribución
estructura poblacional
proporción sexual
golfo de California
topic California sea lion
abundance and distribution
population structure
operational sex ratio
Gulf of California
lobo marino
abundancia y distribución
estructura poblacional
proporción sexual
golfo de California
description The population of the California sea lion Zulophus californianus (Lesson, 1828) in the Gulf of California during the breeding seasons of the 1980’s was estimated at 23,256 individuals, and 31,393 if census adjustments are applied. Of this total (23,256), 6.9% were adult males, 5.0% subadult males, 40.7% adult females, 23.9% juveniles, 22.7% pups (less than one year of age) and 0.8% were termed miscellaneous. Eighty-six percent of the 29 sea-lion colonies studied were on islands, while the remaining colonies occupied capes of the mainland. However, around 98.8% of the sea-lion population was counted on islands. The number of islands (available habitat) did not determine the sea-lion distribution in the gulf, but the concentration of its usual preys (sardine, anchovy, mackerel and hake) did. Eighty-two percent of the sea-lion population and its pup production took place in the northern region of the Gulf of California (from Isla San Esteban northward), which seems to be associated with the major abundance of small pelagic fish in the gulf. California sea lions tend to inhabit small- and medium-sized islands (less than 3 km in length), which amount for 80% of the sea-lion population. The probable factors that determine the selection of islands this size are: 1) the absence of terrestrial predators, 2) easier communication of breeding animals and 3) sexual selection advantage for mating individuals. The operational sex ratio varied according to island size in a negative exponential trend. More adult females were available per adult males on smaller islands, since reduced space clumped the females. This clumping effect enhances a higher male-male competition (with an evident advantage for males), but also a higher quality of territorial males for the breeding females.
publishDate 1994
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 1994-03-06
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
Peer-reviewed Article
Artículo Arbitrado
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://www.cienciasmarinas.com.mx/index.php/cmarinas/article/view/976
10.7773/cm.v20i4.976
url https://www.cienciasmarinas.com.mx/index.php/cmarinas/article/view/976
identifier_str_mv 10.7773/cm.v20i4.976
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv https://www.cienciasmarinas.com.mx/index.php/cmarinas/article/view/976/897
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Iniversidad Autónoma de Baja California
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Iniversidad Autónoma de Baja California
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv Ciencias Marinas; Vol. 20 No. 4 (1994); 535-553
Ciencias Marinas; Vol. 20 Núm. 4 (1994); 535-553
2395-9053
0185-3880
reponame:Ciencias Marinas
instname:UNIVERSIDAD AUTÓNOMA DE BAJA CALIFORNIA
instacron:UABC
instname_str UNIVERSIDAD AUTÓNOMA DE BAJA CALIFORNIA
instacron_str UABC
institution UABC
reponame_str Ciencias Marinas
collection Ciencias Marinas
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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spelling Ecological factors that determine distribution and abundance of the California sea lion Zalophus Californianus in the Gulf Of CaliforniaAlgunos factores ecológicos que determinan la distribución y abundancia del lobo marino Zalophus californianus, en el Golfo de CaliforniaAurioles-Gamboa, DZavala-González, ACalifornia sea lionabundance and distributionpopulation structureoperational sex ratioGulf of Californialobo marinoabundancia y distribuciónestructura poblacionalproporción sexualgolfo de CaliforniaThe population of the California sea lion Zulophus californianus (Lesson, 1828) in the Gulf of California during the breeding seasons of the 1980’s was estimated at 23,256 individuals, and 31,393 if census adjustments are applied. Of this total (23,256), 6.9% were adult males, 5.0% subadult males, 40.7% adult females, 23.9% juveniles, 22.7% pups (less than one year of age) and 0.8% were termed miscellaneous. Eighty-six percent of the 29 sea-lion colonies studied were on islands, while the remaining colonies occupied capes of the mainland. However, around 98.8% of the sea-lion population was counted on islands. The number of islands (available habitat) did not determine the sea-lion distribution in the gulf, but the concentration of its usual preys (sardine, anchovy, mackerel and hake) did. Eighty-two percent of the sea-lion population and its pup production took place in the northern region of the Gulf of California (from Isla San Esteban northward), which seems to be associated with the major abundance of small pelagic fish in the gulf. California sea lions tend to inhabit small- and medium-sized islands (less than 3 km in length), which amount for 80% of the sea-lion population. The probable factors that determine the selection of islands this size are: 1) the absence of terrestrial predators, 2) easier communication of breeding animals and 3) sexual selection advantage for mating individuals. The operational sex ratio varied according to island size in a negative exponential trend. More adult females were available per adult males on smaller islands, since reduced space clumped the females. This clumping effect enhances a higher male-male competition (with an evident advantage for males), but also a higher quality of territorial males for the breeding females.El tamaño de la población de lobo marino Zulophus californiunus (Lesson, 1828) en periodo de reproducción, durante la década de los ochenta en el golfo de California, se estimó en un total de 23,256 individuos (sin ajustes) y 31,393 animales, con ajustes al error censal. De estos 23,256, el 6.9% fueron machos adultos, 5% machos subadultos, 40.7% hembras adultas, 23.9% juveniles, 22.7% crías (menores de un año de edad) y 0.8% individuos no clasificados. El 86% de las 29 colonias estudiadas están en islas y el restante en cabos de tierra firme, mientras que el 98.8% de la población total ocupa costa insular. El número de islas (hábitat disponible para la reproducción) no determinó la distribución de la población en el golfo de California. En cambio, la concentración de sus presas habituales (sardina, anchoveta, macarela y merluza) coincide con la abundancia de población: el 82% de la población de lobo marino y la producción de crías del golfo se concentraron en la región norte (de isla San Esteban hacia el norte), lo cual se asocia con la presencia de los grandes cardúmenes de pelágicos menores del golfo. Por otra parte, el lobo marino de California tiende a ocupar islas pequeñas y medianas (menores de 3 km de largo), donde se agrupa el 80% de la población. Los factores que determinan esta selección de tamaño insular pueden ser: 1) ausencia de depredadores terrestres, 2) fácil intercomunicación de los animales para la reproducción y 3) ventaja selectiva para el apareamiento. La razón sexual operativa (número de hembras adultas por cada macho adulto) varió de acuerdo con el tamaño de la isla, en relación exponencial negativa. En promedio, hay más hembras adultas disponibles por macho en las islas pequeñas, debido al efecto de agregación por espacio reducido. Este efecto genera una mayor competencia sexual entre los machos adultos (con evidente ventaja para los mismos), pero también asegura una mejor calidad de los machos territoriales para las hembras reproductoras.Iniversidad Autónoma de Baja California1994-03-06info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionPeer-reviewed Article Artículo Arbitradoapplication/pdfhttps://www.cienciasmarinas.com.mx/index.php/cmarinas/article/view/97610.7773/cm.v20i4.976Ciencias Marinas; Vol. 20 No. 4 (1994); 535-553Ciencias Marinas; Vol. 20 Núm. 4 (1994); 535-5532395-90530185-3880reponame:Ciencias Marinasinstname:UNIVERSIDAD AUTÓNOMA DE BAJA CALIFORNIAinstacron:UABCenghttps://www.cienciasmarinas.com.mx/index.php/cmarinas/article/view/976/897info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:cienciasmarinas.com.mx:article/9762024-08-22T17:01:37Z
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