Unlocking the genetic diversity of Creole wheats

Climate change and slow yield gains pose a major threat to global wheat production. Underutilized genetic resources including landraces and wild relatives are key elements for developing high-yielding and climate-resilient wheat varieties. Landraces introduced into Mexico from Europe, also known as...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Vikram, P., Franco, J., Burgueño, J., Huihui Li, Sehgal, D., Saint Pierre, C., Ortiz, C., Sneller, C., Tattaris, M., Guzman, C., Sansaloni, C., Fuentes Dávila, G., Reynolds, M.P., Sonder, K., Singh, P.K., Payne, T.S., Wenzl, P., Sharma, A.R., Bains, N., Singh, G.P., Crossa, J., Singh, S.
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2016
País:México
Institución:Centro Internacional de Mejoramiento de Maíz y Trigo
Repositorio:Repositorio Institucional de Publicaciones Multimedia del CIMMYT
OAI Identifier:oai:repository.cimmyt.org:10883/17796
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/10883/17796
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
WHEAT
CLIMATE CHANGE
FOOD SECURITY
LAND RACES
GENETIC GAIN
YIELD INCREASES
Descripción
Sumario:Climate change and slow yield gains pose a major threat to global wheat production. Underutilized genetic resources including landraces and wild relatives are key elements for developing high-yielding and climate-resilient wheat varieties. Landraces introduced into Mexico from Europe, also known as Creole wheats, are adapted to a wide range of climatic regimes and represent a unique genetic resource. Eight thousand four hundred and sixteen wheat landraces representing all dimensions of Mexico were characterized through genotyping-by-sequencing technology. Results revealed sub-groups adapted to specific environments of Mexico. Broadly, accessions from north and south of Mexico showed considerable genetic differentiation. However, a large percentage of landrace accessions were genetically very close, although belonged to different regions most likely due to the recent (nearly five centuries before) introduction of wheat in Mexico. Some of the groups adapted to extreme environments and accumulated high number of rare alleles. Core reference sets were assembled simultaneously using multiple variables, capturing 89% of the rare alleles present in the complete set. Genetic information about Mexican wheat landraces and core reference set can be effectively utilized in next generation wheat varietal improvement.

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