Evidence of human occupation in Mexico around the Last Glacial Maximum

The initial colonization of the Americas remains a highly debated topic1 , and the exact timing of the frst arrivals is unknown. The earliest archaeological record of Mexico—which holds a key geographical position in the Americas—is poorly known and understudied. Historically, the region has remaine...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Ardelean, Ciprian Florin, Becerra Valdivia, Lorena, Winther Pedersen, Mikkel, Schwenninger, Jean Luc, Oviatt, Charles G., Macías Quintero, Juan, Arroyo Cabrales, Joaquín, Sikora, Martin, Ocampo Díaz, Yam Zul, Rubio Cisneros, Igor, Watling, Jennifer, de Medeiros, Vanda, De Oliveira, Paulo, Barba Pingarón, Luis, Ortiz Butrón, Agustín, Blancas Vázquez, Jorge, Rivera González, Irán, Solís Rosales, Corina, Rodriguez Ceja, María, Gandy, Devlin, Navarro Gutierrez, Zamara, De La Rosa Díaz, Jesús, Huerta Arellano, Vladimir, Marroquín Fernández, Marco, Martínez Riojas, Martín, López Jiménez, Alejandro, Higham, Thomas, Willerslev, Eske
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2020
País:México
Institución:Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas
Repositorio:Repositorio Institucional Caxcán
Idioma:español
OAI Identifier:oai:http://ricaxcan.uaz.edu.mx:20.500.11845/2013
Acceso en línea:http://ricaxcan.uaz.edu.mx/jspui/handle/20.500.11845/2013
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:HUMANIDADES Y CIENCIAS DE LA CONDUCTA [4]
colonization of the Americas
human presence
human dispersal
radiocarbon and luminescence dates
Descripción
Sumario:The initial colonization of the Americas remains a highly debated topic1 , and the exact timing of the frst arrivals is unknown. The earliest archaeological record of Mexico—which holds a key geographical position in the Americas—is poorly known and understudied. Historically, the region has remained on the periphery of research focused on the frst Americanpopulations2 . However, recent investigations provide reliable evidence of a human presence in the northwest region of Mexico3,4 , the Chiapas Highlands5 , Central Mexico6 and the Caribbean coast7–9 during the Late Pleistocene and Early Holocene epochs. Here we present results of recent excavations at Chiquihuite Cave—a high-altitude site in central-northern Mexico—that corroborate previous fndings in the Americas10–17of cultural evidence that dates to the Last Glacial Maximum (26,500–19,000years ago)18, and which push back dates for human dispersal to the region possibly as early as 33,000–31,000years ago. The site yielded about 1,900stone artefacts within a 3-m-deep stratifed sequence, revealing a previously unknown lithic industry that underwent only minor changes over millennia. More than 50radiocarbon and luminescence dates provide chronological control, and genetic, palaeoenvironmental and chemical data document the changing environments in which the occupants lived. Our results provide new evidence for the antiquity of humans in the Americas, illustrate the cultural diversity of the earliest dispersal groups (which predate those of the Clovis culture) and open new directions of research.

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