Estudio anatómico, histoquímico y fitoquímico de Sticherus bifidus (Willd.) Ching y S. palmatus (W. Schaffn. ex E. Fourn.) Copel
In Mexico there are a large number of plants of which there is, in general, little knowledge of their structure and properties, which is an urgent need to attend. Ferns are an example of this, specifically the Gleicheniaceae family, because it is represented by several species whose anatomical descr...
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| Tipo de recurso: | tesis de maestría |
| Estado: | Versión publicada |
| Fecha de publicación: | 2023 |
| País: | México |
| Institución: | Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana |
| Repositorio: | Repositorio Institucional de la UAM Iztapalapa |
| Idioma: | español |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:bindani.izt.uam.mx:ms35t906v |
| Acceso en línea: | https://doi.org/10.24275/uami.ms35t906v |
| Access Level: | acceso abierto |
| Palabra clave: | info:eu-repo/classification/LEM/Ferns info:eu-repo/classification/LEM/Helechos info:eu-repo/classification/LEM/Ferns -- Mexico -- Identification info:eu-repo/classification/LEM/Helechos -- México -- Identificación info:eu-repo/classification/cti/2 |
| Sumario: | In Mexico there are a large number of plants of which there is, in general, little knowledge of their structure and properties, which is an urgent need to attend. Ferns are an example of this, specifically the Gleicheniaceae family, because it is represented by several species whose anatomical description and phytochemical properties are not well determined, or studies have not even been carried out. For this reason, in this study, two species of this family, Sticherus bifidus (Willd.) Ching and S. palmatus (W. Schaffn. ex E. Fourn.) Copel., were analyzed to provide a broad description of their characters anatomical, histochemical, phytochemical and measuring its antioxidant activity; in order to know more about the structure, composition and possible pharmacological application. Anatomical and histochemical studies, cross sections of the different organs (root, rhizome and leaf), the histochemical tests performed were: PAS/HIO4, hydrochloric fluoroglucin, oily red, lugol, and naphthol black blue. In the phytochemical study, two leaf and rhizome-root samples were used, from which ethanolic extracts were obtained. Subsequently, a preliminary phytochemical study was carried out to detect the presence of total polyphenols, flavonoids and proanthocyanidins; finally, they were quantified, and their antioxidant activity was measured in both species. Anatomical and histochemical results showed that: 1) the two species present similar anatomy in all their organs, with the exception of the petiole, in which a solonestela was present in S. bifidus, while in S. palmatus a haplostela was observed; 2) both species present abundant supporting tissues (collenchyma and sclerenchyma) in all their organs; 3) the conducting elements of Sticherus are scalariform tracheids; 4) in both species, there is the presence of two endodermis and caspary bands in the second endodermis; in addition, of cavities in the rachis and contents of red and yellow color in the barks of the root, rhizome and petiole. The results of the phytochemical analysis indicate in both species present total polyphenols and flavonoids in the leaf, rhizome and root; it should be noted that, proanthocyanidins were also found in the rhizome and root. Regarding the antioxidant activity in both species, the leaf samples presented lower activity than thetan rhizome and root samples (CI50). In addition, S. bifidus showed the best antioxidant activity (CI50 hoja 19.32; CI50 rizoma-raíz 12.98), although S. palmatus did not differ considerably (CI50 hoja 44.43; CI50 rizoma-raíz 13.11), so both species have good reducing power of the DPPH° radical. The antioxidant activity is directly related to the concentrations of polyphenols, flavonoids and condensed tannins, found in the phytochemical quantification and observed in the histochemical study in these organs. |
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