Análisis del comportamiento ante metales pesados en bacterias aisladas de relaves mineros zacatecanos
Pollution by heavy metals is an issue of vital importance due to the great environmental impact it has on the development and survival of living beings, mainly for the human species. Zacatecas is a state where mining has had great importance today, mainly in the extraction of gold and silver. The ge...
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| Tipo de documento: | dissertação |
| Estado: | Versão publicada |
| Data de publicação: | 2021 |
| País: | México |
| Recursos: | Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas |
| Repositório: | Repositorio Institucional Caxcán |
| Idioma: | espanhol |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:http://ricaxcan.uaz.edu.mx:20.500.11845/2709 |
| Acesso em linha: | http://ricaxcan.uaz.edu.mx/jspui/handle/20.500.11845/2709 |
| Access Level: | Acceso aberto |
| Palavra-chave: | BIOLOGIA Y QUIMICA [2] mineros zacatecanos metales pesados bacterias |
| Resumo: | Pollution by heavy metals is an issue of vital importance due to the great environmental impact it has on the development and survival of living beings, mainly for the human species. Zacatecas is a state where mining has had great importance today, mainly in the extraction of gold and silver. The general objective of this project is to relate the bacterial behavior in the presence of Zn, Pb and As with a possible mechanism of bacteria-metal interaction, performing bacterial isolation from samples of mining tailings from the study areas, in order to evaluate tolerance. or bacterial resistance of said metals, as well as determining their concentration in bacterial isolates in order to propose a probable interaction mechanism, comparing the results obtained with those reported in the literature. The analysis of soil samples was carried out, isolating microorganisms and identifying them with the Gram stain. After this, the behavior of said isolates against metals was evaluated, measuring the optical density of the isolates. Later, the quantification of these metals was carried out by means of atomic absorption spectrometry to determine if the highest concentration was in the culture medium or in the biomass. The isolation of nine strains was achieved, five from the El Bote mine and four from Concepción del Oro, of which seven were Gram positive and two Gram negative. Of these, the bacteria that grew in the presence of Zn had a higher development in the presence of this metal compared to the control, as well as a higher concentration in the biomass than in the culture medium. In the case of As and Pb, these metals turned out to be toxic since they inhibited growth, and had a minimum concentration in the biomass, resulting in the highest amount in the culture medium. Compared with the bibliography, the results are consistent in the case of the three metals, proposing for the case of Zn a bioaccumulation mechanism, by taking advantage of this metal as a cofactor in its metabolic processes. In the same way, in the case of As and Pb, it has been proposed that the interaction with this metal was null, which could be through the biosorption and bioaccumulation mechanism, but being toxic to the bacteria isolated in this study. |
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