Biología y sistemática de los Cambáridos del Sudeste de México y su potencial aprovechamiento en la acuicultura
The present research deals with the characterization of the Cambarids of the Yucatan Peninsula, including biological, systematic and some ecological aspects. Basically the objective of it was to create management strategics, rational exploitation and culture biotechnology of the species found. Crayf...
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| Tipo de recurso: | tesis doctoral |
| Estado: | Versión publicada |
| Fecha de publicación: | 1999 |
| País: | México |
| Institución: | Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana |
| Repositorio: | Repositorio Institucional de la UAM Iztapalapa |
| Idioma: | español |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:bindani.izt.uam.mx:hx11xf69w |
| Acceso en línea: | https://doi.org/10.24275/uami.hx11xf69w |
| Access Level: | acceso abierto |
| Palabra clave: | info:eu-repo/classification/LEM/Ingeniería acuacultural info:eu-repo/classification/LEM/Aquacultural engineering info:eu-repo/classification/LEM/Crayfish info:eu-repo/classification/LEM/Cangrejos de río info:eu-repo/classification/cti/3 |
| Sumario: | The present research deals with the characterization of the Cambarids of the Yucatan Peninsula, including biological, systematic and some ecological aspects. Basically the objective of it was to create management strategics, rational exploitation and culture biotechnology of the species found. Crayfish are an important resource not only because of its gastronomic reliance. In nature they play an important role on water body dynamics in the degradation and reciclation of organic matter. In the trofic food chain as an important part of amphibians, birds, fishes and other animal diet. Little information on endemic Cambarid species and the potential danger of introduce Australian crayfish for culture enterprises, were fundamental factors to study the biodiversity of this crustaceans in the Yucatan Peninsula. The Yucatan Peninsula has very few permanent water bodies due to the carstic soils present. Of the three states comprising it, only Campeche and Quintana Roo have some lagoons and wide areas of wetlands where crayfish cafi live. An ecological sectorization for the Peninsula was made using ecological homogene regions to determine the enviromental factors that may control crayfish distribution and ecology in an space-temporal scale. Thematic aspects considered included: climatology, litology, superficial and underground hidrology, hidrochemestry, vegetation, and soil and water uses, that modifies other important factors like substrates, calcium concentration, pH, dissolve oxygen and nutrients. Localities were previouly stab!ished for each of the three states as follows. Campeche: Escarcega, Silvituj, Champoton, Candelaria, Sabancuy, El Remate. Yucatan: Cenotes and Ojos de agua near the coast including Sisal, Celestun, Progreso, Dzilam, Chiquila and Merida. Quintana Roo: Chichancanab, Nohbec, Rio Hondo, Mahahual and Gonzalez Ortega. Holland traps and nets were used to collect the animals trying to capture as much as possible. Morphometric parameteres were registered, sex and developmental stage and other observations were made on the fauna, vegetation and soil characteristic from collecting areas. Biological material classification was done at CINVESTAV-IPN MERIDA with the colaboration of the carcinology laboratory UNAM. Researchs were carried out to determine some ..' biological aspectos under laboratory conditions including reproduction and growth. Reproduction -. information recorded number of spawned females, number of eggdfemale, number of larvdfemale and age of first spawing. Growth was obtained using growth vs time graphics and the equation of weight-lenght relation. A randomize experiment was carried out to know food preferences for the specie using different kinds of pelleted and natural feeds. P llamasi accepted any kind of food but growth was affected by low contents of protein in vegetable. Diets with poor protein content like semicooked carrot presented very low growth and poor survival. Taxonomic classification of all collected animals from Campeche and Quintana Roo resulted as P. (A) llamasi. Current distribution obtained from this data enlarge the stated area by Villalobos in 1955. Different results were obtained on the presence on the presence of other species. P. pilosimanus was never collected maybe because its present distribution change from that of 1955 localizing at the souther parts of Chiapas. Ii seems that P. llamasi has adapted very well to the climatological and topographical conditions of the region. During dry months animals are not found. Its presence depends on overflows during the lasts months ofthe year when large amount of water accumulte. Animals carried to the laboratory gave enough information to stablish its life cycle, minimal size of reproduction (4-4.5 cm), number of eggs per spawn (400-700), incubation time (20-25 days), average viability of eggs (<4 cm=20%; >4 cm = 80%) and some behavorial aspects of this specie. Growth was obtained as weight and lenght achieving maximal lenght for females (80mm) and for males (85mm). Weights between sexes were 14.14 g for females and 18.15 g for males. Weight-lenght relation was W = 0.000079 L * 77 . Biological performance showed by size, growth, survial, feeding, and reproduction results of P. llamasi defined it as a good specie for aquaculture practices. Although, more studies should be done to determine its suitability. |
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