Tendencias de mortalidad por cánceres atribuibles al tabaco en México
Objective. To describe the mortality trends of cancerattributable to tobacco smoking, particularly lung cancer,for the 1980-1997 period in Mexico. Material and Methods.Mortality trends were analyzed for each type ofcancer associated to tobacco smoking, according to the InternationalClassification of...
| Autores: | , , |
|---|---|
| Tipo de recurso: | artículo |
| Estado: | Versión publicada |
| Fecha de publicación: | 2002 |
| País: | México |
| Institución: | Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública |
| Repositorio: | Redalyc-INSP |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:redalyc.org:10644506 |
| Acceso en línea: | https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=10644506 |
| Access Level: | acceso abierto |
| Palabra clave: | Salud trends Mexico smoking lung neoplasms Key words: mortality |
| Sumario: | Objective. To describe the mortality trends of cancerattributable to tobacco smoking, particularly lung cancer,for the 1980-1997 period in Mexico. Material and Methods.Mortality trends were analyzed for each type ofcancer associated to tobacco smoking, according to the InternationalClassification of Diseases (ICD). Crude and adjustedmortality rates were estimated for the periodbetween 1980 and 1997, by age, gender, basic death cause,and year of death. The gender ratio and the relative proportionwere estimated for cases in the 35-64 age group andfor the entire study population. Age population projectionsby Consejo Nacional de Poblacion (National PopulationCouncil), were used as denominators (1970-2010). Results.The gender ratio for mortality rates for lung, esophageal,oral cavity and pharyngeal cancer was 2.10:1.00 (male: female).The gender ratio for laryngeal cancer was striking:4.21:1.00, probably due to the higher prevalence of maletobacco smokers. The estimated relative proportion, usingthe total mortality due to malignant cancers between 1980-1997, was 12.31% for lung cancer, 1.71% for larynx cancer,1.55% for esophageal cancer, and 1.49% for oral cavity/pharyngealcancer. Previous tobacco smoking was correlatedwith the mortality rate trends for lung cancer (beta: 0.910,IC 95%: 1.097-1.797, R2 0.827). For the poorest social groupsby federal entity, the correlation was inverted (beta: -0.510,IC 95% -0.170, -0.039, R2: 0.260). Conclusions. In Mexico,increased tobacco smoking, improved cancer diagnosis, andthe demographic transition, are probably the main factorsdetermining cancer mortality rates. However, other lifestyleassociated variables, such as urbanization, physical activity,carotenoid intake, and other dietary and toxicsubstances like alcohol, may also influence the morbidityand mortality rates. Although tobacco-related cancer is afast-growing public health problem having a poor prognosis,tobacco smoking, the main risk factor, could be eliminatedby health education and promotion, together with publicityregulation and healthy taxation policies. The English versionof this paper is available at: http://www.insp.mx/salud/index.html |
|---|