LOS MÉTODOS MULTIVARIADOS PARA EVALUAR EL EFECTO DE LA REDUCCIÓN DE AZUFRE EN PETROLÍFEROS SOBRE LOS NIVELES DE BIÓXIDO DE AZUFRE ATMOSFÉRICO

The effect of sulfur reduction in the derived oil fuels used in Mexico City Metropolitan Area (MCMZ) over atmospheric sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ) concentration was studied along the 1986 to 2001 period. In order to identify the effect of the strategies to improve air quality in this fifteen years period,...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: NAVA, Ma. Magdalena, BRAVO, José Luis, GASCA, Jorge Raúl
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2011
País:México
Institución:UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL AUTÓNOMA DE MÉXICO
Repositorio:Revista Internacional de Contaminación Ambiental
Idioma:español
OAI Identifier:oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/25179
Acceso en línea:https://www.revistascca.unam.mx/rica/index.php/rica/article/view/25179
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:atmospheric pollutant
atmospheric sulfur dioxide
fossil fuels
multivariate methods
contaminante atmosférico
bióxido de azufre atmosférico
combustibles fósiles
métodos multivariados
Descripción
Sumario:The effect of sulfur reduction in the derived oil fuels used in Mexico City Metropolitan Area (MCMZ) over atmospheric sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ) concentration was studied along the 1986 to 2001 period. In order to identify the effect of the strategies to improve air quality in this fifteen years period, the chronology of implementation of such modifications was established, particularly the reformulation and substitution of fossil fuels to reduce sulfur compounds emission to the atmosphere. In addition to the aspect of sulfur content in fossil fuels during this period, the study also focuses on the aspect of fuel demand. The findings reveal that, in spite of the 18 % increase in oil fuel consumption on 1988 to 2001 whole period, sulfur contribution decreased 94 % while SO 2 atmosphere concentration declined 70 %. Cluster and time series analysis techniques were used in the study of SO 2 atmospheric concentration data from five monitoring locations and the mean from the MCMZ. Through Cluster analysis the observations were classified in three groups categorized according to decreasing order of sulfur content in fuels and SO 2 atmospheric concentration. Time series analysis was used to determine the temporary and spatial behavior of SO 2 concentrations and to do short term forecasting. Finally, we fitted a linear model to the sulfur contributions by fuels and SO 2 concentrations. With this model we estimated the sulfur compounds emissions according to atmospheric levels during an atypical high SO 2 concentration episode detected in Tlalnepantla and Xalostoc monitoring stations, both located in the north part of the city. The primary sulfur estimated for the monthly maximum atypical concentration was 97 tons/day higher than the value calculated from fuel sales. This episode can therefore be attributed to the temporal burning of fuels with high sulfur contents in the northern industrial part of the zone.