Road structure and road density in the Monarch Butterfly Biosphere Reserve, Mexico

As an internationally known example of the phenomena of migration and hibernation, the Monarch Butterfly Biosphere Reserve (MBBR) has become one of the most emblematic Protected Natural Areas of Mexico. Nevertheless, the MBBR is still facing severe fragmentation, disturbance and loss of forest cover...

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Detalhes bibliográficos
Autores: Ramírez Ramírez, María Isabel, Jiménez Cruz, Margarita, Martínez Pacheco, Anuar Iram
Formato: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2012
País:México
Recursos:UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL AUTÓNOMA DE MÉXICO
Repositorio:Investigaciones Geográficas
Idioma:español
OAI Identifier:oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/30082
Acesso em linha:https://www.investigacionesgeograficas.unam.mx/index.php/rig/article/view/30082
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palavra-chave:Road ecology
road density
protected natural areas
monarch butterfly
Mexico
Ecología de caminos
densidad de caminos
áreas naturales protegidas
mariposa monarca
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oai_identifier_str oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/30082
network_acronym_str MX
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spelling Road structure and road density in the Monarch Butterfly Biosphere Reserve, MexicoEstructura y densidad de la red de caminos en la Reserva de la Biosfera Mariposa MonarcaRamírez Ramírez, María IsabelJiménez Cruz, MargaritaMartínez Pacheco, Anuar IramRoad ecologyroad densityprotected natural areasmonarch butterflyMexicoEcología de caminosdensidad de caminosáreas naturales protegidasmariposa monarcaAs an internationally known example of the phenomena of migration and hibernation, the Monarch Butterfly Biosphere Reserve (MBBR) has become one of the most emblematic Protected Natural Areas of Mexico. Nevertheless, the MBBR is still facing severe fragmentation, disturbance and loss of forest cover. Roads are landscape elements well known as a cause of disturbance and deforestation. Using digital aerial photographs mosaics at 1:20 000 from March 2003, and GPS georeferenced tracks, we identified 2 574 kilometers of roads inside the MBBR limits; 55% are earthen roads and 37% are foot paths, both opened for firewood collection and utilization of wood products, whereas paved and gravel roads represent only 2% and 6%, respectively, of the road network. These 2 256.3 kilometers of roads yield an average road density of 4.7 km/km2, but analysis at the scale of individual land holdings, particularly in Michoacan state, revealed even higher density values, up to 13.6 km/km2. Also, taking into account the average width of each roadbed type, we estimate that 880 hectares of the Reserve are covered by roads. That has consequences over the vegetation, soil, drainage and accessibility to resources.Por ser parte fundamental de uno de los fenómenos de migración e hibernación más sorprendentes y llamativos del mundo, la Reserva de la Biosfera Mariposa Monarca (RBMM) se ha convertido en una de las áreas naturales protegidas más emblemáticas de nuestro país. Sin embargo, sigue enfrentándose a serios problemas de fragmentación, perturbación y pérdida de sus bosques. Uno de los elementos del paisaje que más se ha reconocido como causa y efecto de la perturbación y pérdida de espacios forestales son los caminos. Utilizando mosaicos elaborados con fotografías aéreas digitales de marzo de 2003, escala 1:20 000, y recorridos en campo registrados con GPS, se identificaron 20 574 km de caminos dentro de los límites de la RBMM; 55% del ellos son brechas y 37% veredas, ambos abiertos específicamente para el aprovechamiento forestal. Las carreteras pavimentadas y las terracerías representan, respectivamente, 2 y 6% de la red. Esos 2 574 km de caminos se traducen en una densidad promedio de 4.7 km/km2. No obstante, el análisis a nivel de predio revela valores de densidad aún más altos, especialmente en el lado michoacano, que alcanzan hasta 13.6 km/km2. Asimismo, multiplicando los respectivos tipos de caminos por su ancho promedio de lecho, se encontró que 880 ha de la Reserva están ocupadas por caminos, lo cual tiene serias repercusiones sobre la vegetación, el suelo, la red de drenaje y la accesibilidad a los recursos.Instituto de Geografía2012-02-16info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdfhttps://www.investigacionesgeograficas.unam.mx/index.php/rig/article/view/3008210.14350/rig.30082Investigaciones Geográficas; No. 57; 68Investigaciones Geográficas; Núm. 57; 682448-72790188-4611reponame:Investigaciones Geográficasinstname:UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL AUTÓNOMA DE MÉXICOinstacron:UNAMspahttps://www.investigacionesgeograficas.unam.mx/index.php/rig/article/view/30082/27960info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/300822024-11-05T15:50:27Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Road structure and road density in the Monarch Butterfly Biosphere Reserve, Mexico
Estructura y densidad de la red de caminos en la Reserva de la Biosfera Mariposa Monarca
title Road structure and road density in the Monarch Butterfly Biosphere Reserve, Mexico
spellingShingle Road structure and road density in the Monarch Butterfly Biosphere Reserve, Mexico
Ramírez Ramírez, María Isabel
Road ecology
road density
protected natural areas
monarch butterfly
Mexico
Ecología de caminos
densidad de caminos
áreas naturales protegidas
mariposa monarca
title_short Road structure and road density in the Monarch Butterfly Biosphere Reserve, Mexico
title_full Road structure and road density in the Monarch Butterfly Biosphere Reserve, Mexico
title_fullStr Road structure and road density in the Monarch Butterfly Biosphere Reserve, Mexico
title_full_unstemmed Road structure and road density in the Monarch Butterfly Biosphere Reserve, Mexico
title_sort Road structure and road density in the Monarch Butterfly Biosphere Reserve, Mexico
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Ramírez Ramírez, María Isabel
Jiménez Cruz, Margarita
Martínez Pacheco, Anuar Iram
author Ramírez Ramírez, María Isabel
author_facet Ramírez Ramírez, María Isabel
Jiménez Cruz, Margarita
Martínez Pacheco, Anuar Iram
author_role author
author2 Jiménez Cruz, Margarita
Martínez Pacheco, Anuar Iram
author2_role author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Road ecology
road density
protected natural areas
monarch butterfly
Mexico
Ecología de caminos
densidad de caminos
áreas naturales protegidas
mariposa monarca
topic Road ecology
road density
protected natural areas
monarch butterfly
Mexico
Ecología de caminos
densidad de caminos
áreas naturales protegidas
mariposa monarca
description As an internationally known example of the phenomena of migration and hibernation, the Monarch Butterfly Biosphere Reserve (MBBR) has become one of the most emblematic Protected Natural Areas of Mexico. Nevertheless, the MBBR is still facing severe fragmentation, disturbance and loss of forest cover. Roads are landscape elements well known as a cause of disturbance and deforestation. Using digital aerial photographs mosaics at 1:20 000 from March 2003, and GPS georeferenced tracks, we identified 2 574 kilometers of roads inside the MBBR limits; 55% are earthen roads and 37% are foot paths, both opened for firewood collection and utilization of wood products, whereas paved and gravel roads represent only 2% and 6%, respectively, of the road network. These 2 256.3 kilometers of roads yield an average road density of 4.7 km/km2, but analysis at the scale of individual land holdings, particularly in Michoacan state, revealed even higher density values, up to 13.6 km/km2. Also, taking into account the average width of each roadbed type, we estimate that 880 hectares of the Reserve are covered by roads. That has consequences over the vegetation, soil, drainage and accessibility to resources.
publishDate 2012
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2012-02-16
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://www.investigacionesgeograficas.unam.mx/index.php/rig/article/view/30082
10.14350/rig.30082
url https://www.investigacionesgeograficas.unam.mx/index.php/rig/article/view/30082
identifier_str_mv 10.14350/rig.30082
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv spa
language spa
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv https://www.investigacionesgeograficas.unam.mx/index.php/rig/article/view/30082/27960
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Instituto de Geografía
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Instituto de Geografía
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv Investigaciones Geográficas; No. 57; 68
Investigaciones Geográficas; Núm. 57; 68
2448-7279
0188-4611
reponame:Investigaciones Geográficas
instname:UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL AUTÓNOMA DE MÉXICO
instacron:UNAM
instname_str UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL AUTÓNOMA DE MÉXICO
instacron_str UNAM
institution UNAM
reponame_str Investigaciones Geográficas
collection Investigaciones Geográficas
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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score 15.812429

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