Smilax cordifolia, Smilax domingensis y Tagetes lucida como agonistas duales de los receptores activados por proliferadores de peroxisomas
Many factors are associated with the development of diabetes Mellitus (DM), for exemple ethnic origin, unhealthy diet, family history, but being overweight plays a major role because it occurs in 90% of DM cases. This condition is consequence the energy imbalance, between the energy consumed and the...
| Autor: | |
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| Tipo de recurso: | tesis de maestría |
| Estado: | Versión publicada |
| Fecha de publicación: | 2020 |
| País: | México |
| Institución: | Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana |
| Repositorio: | Repositorio Institucional de la UAM Iztapalapa |
| Idioma: | español |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:bindani.izt.uam.mx:6108vb542 |
| Acceso en línea: | https://doi.org/10.24275/uami.6108vb542 |
| Access Level: | acceso abierto |
| Palabra clave: | info:eu-repo/classification/LEM/Diabetes -- Diagnosis info:eu-repo/classification/LEM/Diabetes -- Treatment info:eu-repo/classification/LEM/Diabetes -- Diagnóstico info:eu-repo/classification/LEM/Diabetes -- Tratamiento info:eu-repo/classification/cti/3 |
| Sumario: | Many factors are associated with the development of diabetes Mellitus (DM), for exemple ethnic origin, unhealthy diet, family history, but being overweight plays a major role because it occurs in 90% of DM cases. This condition is consequence the energy imbalance, between the energy consumed and the energy spent. A key molecule that actively participates maintaining this balance are peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), which are ligand-dependent nuclear transcription factors. There are three isoforms of PPAR, alpha (α), delta / beta (δ / β) and gamma (γ), these receptors represent an interesting therapeutic target for the prevention and / or treatment of diseases such as diabetes mellitus because they regulate the expression of genes involved in insulin signaling, lipid and cholesterol homeostasis, bile acid metabolism, in addition to influencing the inflammatory profile, characteristic of DM and other metabolic diseases. Smilax domingensis, Smilax cordifolia and tagetes lucida popularly known as Cocolmeca, zarsaparrilla and pericón respectively, are used in some communities of the Mexican Republic as infusions for the treatment of DM. In recent research, the therapeutic potential of plants of the genus Smilax has been evaluated. Some plants of the genus have presented antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and hypoglycemic activities. Some chemical components such as triterpenes, phenols, flavonoids, polysaccharides and fatty acids, have been identified in these species. These compounds have significant potential to be ligands to PPARs and this may be directly associated with their effects on blood glucose. The objective of the present investigation was to evaluate the potential dual agonist effect of aqueous and chloroformic extracts of Smilax cordifolia, Smilax domingensis and Tagetes lucida on PPARα / PPARγ and some of their regulated genes; glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) and fatty acid transporter protein (FATP) by RT-qPCR in the myocyte cell line C2C12. And their antihyperglycemic effect in the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in healthy mice of the CD1 strain. OGTT showed antihyperglycemic activity of the chloroformic extracts of S. cordifolia and S. domingensis 30 minutes after the administration of glucose. S. domingensis showed a greater antihyperglycemic effect. The aqueous extract and the chloroform extract of Tagetes lucida had no effect on the blood glucose levels in the in vivo model, therefore they were not evaluated in the in vitro model. Regarding cell functionality, the optimal concentration of the S. domingensis extract was 1µg / ml, while for the S. cordifolia extract, viability of greater than 80% was obtained in the concentrations of 10, 20, 40 and 80 µg / ml. The analysis of gene expression showed that the chloroform extract of S. domingensis increased the expression of PPARα and PPARγ, in addition to producing a significant increase in the expression of FATP and GLUT-4. On the other hand, the S. cordifolia extract increased the expression of both GLUT-4 and FATP, and kept the expression levels of PPARα and PPARγ unchanged. The following treatments were used as positive controls: pioglitazone as PPARγ agonist (25 µM), for PPARα fenofibrate (10µM). In a preliminary phytochemical analysis, were identified phenols, sterols, alkaloids, triterpenes and saponins in the chloroform extract of S. domingensis, in the chloroform extract of S. cordifolia, only saponins and phenols were identified, while in aqueous extract of S. cordifolia were identified saponins, phenols and flavonoids.These results suggest that the chloroform extract of S. domingensis, have dual agonist effect, favors the transport of glucose and fatty acids, laying the foundations for the development of new drugs for the treatment and / or prevention of diseases related to metabolism like DM. |
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