Evaluación de la genotoxicidad de suelos y residuos mineros con células de raíz de haba (Vicia faba)
The state of San Luis Potosi has abundant mineral resources that have been exploited for more than 400 years, which has caused large amounts of mining waste, causing serious pollution and health effects in the human population as in the biotic components. The objective of this study was to evaluate...
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| Formato: | tesis de maestría |
| Estado: | Versión publicada |
| Fecha de publicación: | 2017 |
| País: | México |
| Recursos: | Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí |
| Repositorio: | Repositorio Institucional de la UASLP |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:repositorioinstitucional.uaslp.mx:i/4524 |
| Acesso em linha: | https://repositorioinstitucional.uaslp.mx/xmlui/handle/i/4524 |
| Access Level: | acceso abierto |
| Palavra-chave: | residuos mineros, células de raíz de haba, vicia faba. 2 BIOLOGIA Y QUIMICA |
| Resumo: | The state of San Luis Potosi has abundant mineral resources that have been exploited for more than 400 years, which has caused large amounts of mining waste, causing serious pollution and health effects in the human population as in the biotic components. The objective of this study was to evaluate the damage to DNA in bean root cells (Vicia Faba) exposed to soils and mining waste, through the comet assay. Germinated seeds during 3 days of Vicia Faba were exposed to elutriados of ground impacted with heavy metals (n = 10) and elutriados of reference soil (n = 10), for 48 hours. The impacted and referenced sites were located in Cerro de San Pedro, Charcas, Cedral and Villa de la Paz, in the state of San Luis Potosi, Mexico. We analyzed physicochemical parameters (organic matter, pH, clay and electrical conductivity), concentrations of metals (Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, Hg, Pb, Fe, Co, Mo) and metalloids (B, As), contamination index, ecological risk index and comet assay in bean root cells (Vicia Faba). The results of the physicochemical parameters showed significant differences (p<0.05) between the soils collected at the reference sites and the sites impacted with heavy metals and metalloids. Some concentrations of metals (Ni, Zn, Pb, As, Cd, Hg, Cu) exceed the Canadian Environmental Quality Guide and national regulation, NOM-147-SEMARNAT/SSA1-2004 for residential or agricultural use. The metal pollution index indicated that the mining site Charcas is severely contaminated with heavy metals; on the other hand the ecological risk index shows that high amounts of heavy metals in mining sites can cause adverse effects on plants, such as DNA damage. The results of the comet assay showed that there are significant differences (P<0.05) in the OTM and TL values of the Vicia Faba root cells with respect to the sites impacted and the reference site, the mining site with the greatest damage to DNA was Cedral, followed by the Cerro de San Pedro, Villa de la Paz and finally Charcas. |
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