Searches for neutrinos in the direction of radio-bright blazars with the ANTARES telescope

Albert, Arnauld; Alves Garre, Sergio; André, Michel|||0000-0002-0091-7279; Ardid Ramírez, Miguel; Ardid Ramírez, Joan Salvador; Aubert, J.-J.; Aublin, J.; Baret, Bruny; Basa, S.; Becherini, Y.; Belhorma, Bouchra; Bendahman, Meriem; Benfenati, Fabio; Bertin, Vincent; Biagi, S.

Searches for neutrinos in the direction of radio-bright blazars with the ANTARES telescope

Active galaxies, especially blazars, are among the most promising extragalactic candidates for high-energy neutrino sources. To date, ANTARES searches included these objects and used GeV–TeV ¿-ray flux to select blazars. Here, a statistically complete blazar sample selected by their bright radio emi...

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Detalhes bibliográficos
Autores:	Albert, Arnauld, Alves Garre, Sergio, André, Michel\|\|\|0000-0002-0091-7279, Ardid Ramírez, Miguel, Ardid Ramírez, Joan Salvador, Aubert, J.-J., Aublin, J., Baret, Bruny, Basa, S., Becherini, Y., Belhorma, Bouchra, Bendahman, Meriem, Benfenati, Fabio, Bertin, Vincent, Biagi, S.
Formato:	artículo
Fecha de publicación:	2024
País:	España
Recursos:	Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC)
Repositorio:	UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPC
Idioma:	inglés
OAI Identifier:	oai:upcommons.upc.edu:2117/414964
Acesso em linha:	https://hdl.handle.net/2117/414964 https://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad1f5b
Access Level:	acceso abierto
Palavra-chave:	Telescopes Neutrinos Telescopis Neutrins Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Física::Astronomia i astrofísica

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oai_identifier_str	oai:upcommons.upc.edu:2117/414964
network_acronym_str	ES
network_name_str	España
repository_id_str
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv	Searches for neutrinos in the direction of radio-bright blazars with the ANTARES telescope
title	Searches for neutrinos in the direction of radio-bright blazars with the ANTARES telescope
spellingShingle	Searches for neutrinos in the direction of radio-bright blazars with the ANTARES telescope Albert, Arnauld Telescopes Neutrinos Telescopis Neutrins Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Física::Astronomia i astrofísica
title_short	Searches for neutrinos in the direction of radio-bright blazars with the ANTARES telescope
title_full	Searches for neutrinos in the direction of radio-bright blazars with the ANTARES telescope
title_fullStr	Searches for neutrinos in the direction of radio-bright blazars with the ANTARES telescope
title_full_unstemmed	Searches for neutrinos in the direction of radio-bright blazars with the ANTARES telescope
title_sort	Searches for neutrinos in the direction of radio-bright blazars with the ANTARES telescope
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv	Albert, Arnauld Alves Garre, Sergio André, Michel\|\|\|0000-0002-0091-7279 Ardid Ramírez, Miguel Ardid Ramírez, Joan Salvador Aubert, J.-J. Aublin, J. Baret, Bruny Basa, S. Becherini, Y. Belhorma, Bouchra Bendahman, Meriem Benfenati, Fabio Bertin, Vincent Biagi, S.
author	Albert, Arnauld
author_facet	Albert, Arnauld Alves Garre, Sergio André, Michel\|\|\|0000-0002-0091-7279 Ardid Ramírez, Miguel Ardid Ramírez, Joan Salvador Aubert, J.-J. Aublin, J. Baret, Bruny Basa, S. Becherini, Y. Belhorma, Bouchra Bendahman, Meriem Benfenati, Fabio Bertin, Vincent Biagi, S.
author_role	author
author2	Alves Garre, Sergio André, Michel\|\|\|0000-0002-0091-7279 Ardid Ramírez, Miguel Ardid Ramírez, Joan Salvador Aubert, J.-J. Aublin, J. Baret, Bruny Basa, S. Becherini, Y. Belhorma, Bouchra Bendahman, Meriem Benfenati, Fabio Bertin, Vincent Biagi, S.
author2_role	author author author author author author author author author author author author author author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv	Telescopes Neutrinos Telescopis Neutrins Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Física::Astronomia i astrofísica
topic	Telescopes Neutrinos Telescopis Neutrins Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Física::Astronomia i astrofísica
description	Active galaxies, especially blazars, are among the most promising extragalactic candidates for high-energy neutrino sources. To date, ANTARES searches included these objects and used GeV–TeV ¿-ray flux to select blazars. Here, a statistically complete blazar sample selected by their bright radio emission is used as the target for searches of origins of neutrinos collected by the ANTARES neutrino telescope over 13 yr of operation. The hypothesis of a neutrino–blazar directional correlation is tested by pair counting and a complementary likelihood-based approach. The resulting posttrial p-value is 3.0% (2.2s in the two-sided convention). Additionally, a time-dependent analysis is performed to search for temporal clustering of neutrino candidates as a means of detecting neutrino flares in blazars. None of the investigated sources alone reaches a significant flare detection level. However, the presence of 18 sources with a pretrial significance above 3s indicates a p = 1.4% (2.5s in the two-sided convention) detection of a time-variable neutrino flux. An a posteriori investigation reveals an intriguing temporal coincidence of neutrino, radio, and ¿-ray flares of the J0242+1101 blazar at a p = 0.5% (2.9s in the two-sided convention) level. Altogether, the results presented here suggest a possible connection of neutrino candidates detected by the ANTARES telescope with radio-bright blazars.
publishDate	2024
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv	2024 2024-03-01 2024 2024-09-26
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv	journal article http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 VoR http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
dc.type.openaire.fl_str_mv	info:eu-repo/semantics/article
format	article
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv	https://hdl.handle.net/2117/414964 https://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad1f5b
url	https://hdl.handle.net/2117/414964 https://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad1f5b
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv	Inglés eng
language_invalid_str_mv	Inglés
language	eng
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv	open access http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 Attribution 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.rights.openaire.fl_str_mv	info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv	open access http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 Attribution 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
eu_rights_str_mv	openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv	application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv	Institute of Physics (IOP)
publisher.none.fl_str_mv	Institute of Physics (IOP)
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv	reponame:UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPC instname:Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC)
instname_str	Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC)
reponame_str	UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPC
collection	UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPC
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
_version_	1869425742622752768
spelling	Searches for neutrinos in the direction of radio-bright blazars with the ANTARES telescopeAlbert, ArnauldAlves Garre, SergioAndré, Michel\|\|\|0000-0002-0091-7279Ardid Ramírez, MiguelArdid Ramírez, Joan SalvadorAubert, J.-J.Aublin, J.Baret, BrunyBasa, S.Becherini, Y.Belhorma, BouchraBendahman, MeriemBenfenati, FabioBertin, VincentBiagi, S.TelescopesNeutrinosTelescopisNeutrinsÀrees temàtiques de la UPC::Física::Astronomia i astrofísicaActive galaxies, especially blazars, are among the most promising extragalactic candidates for high-energy neutrino sources. To date, ANTARES searches included these objects and used GeV–TeV ¿-ray flux to select blazars. Here, a statistically complete blazar sample selected by their bright radio emission is used as the target for searches of origins of neutrinos collected by the ANTARES neutrino telescope over 13 yr of operation. The hypothesis of a neutrino–blazar directional correlation is tested by pair counting and a complementary likelihood-based approach. The resulting posttrial p-value is 3.0% (2.2s in the two-sided convention). Additionally, a time-dependent analysis is performed to search for temporal clustering of neutrino candidates as a means of detecting neutrino flares in blazars. None of the investigated sources alone reaches a significant flare detection level. However, the presence of 18 sources with a pretrial significance above 3s indicates a p = 1.4% (2.5s in the two-sided convention) detection of a time-variable neutrino flux. An a posteriori investigation reveals an intriguing temporal coincidence of neutrino, radio, and ¿-ray flares of the J0242+1101 blazar at a p = 0.5% (2.9s in the two-sided convention) level. Altogether, the results presented here suggest a possible connection of neutrino candidates detected by the ANTARES telescope with radio-bright blazars.The authors acknowledge the financial support of the funding agencies: Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Commission Européenne (FEDER fund and Marie Curie Program), LabEx UnivEarthS (ANR-10-LABX-0023 and ANR-18-IDEX-0001), Région Alsace (contrat CPER), Région Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, Département du Var and Ville de La Seyne-sur-Mer, France; Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (BMBF), Germany; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Italy; Nederlandse organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (NWO), the Netherlands; Executive Unit for Financing Higher Education, Research, Development and Innovation (UEFISCDI), Romania; grants PID2021-124591NB-C41, -C42, -C43 funded by MCIN/AEI/ 10.13039/501100011033 and, as appropriate, by "ERDF A way of making Europe," by the "European Union" or by the "European Union NextGenerationEU/PRTR," Programa de Planes Complementarios I+D+I (refs. ASFAE/2022/023, ASFAE/2022/014), Programa Prometeo (PROMETEO/2020/019) and GenT (refs. CIDEGENT/2018/034, /2019/043, /2020/049. /2021/23) of the Generalitat Valenciana, EU: MSC program (ref. 101025085), Spain; Ministry of Higher Education, Scientific Research and Innovation, Morocco; and the Arab Fund for Economic and Social Development, Kuwait. We also acknowledge the technical support of Ifremer, AIM, and Foselev Marine for the sea operation and the CC-IN2P3 for the computing facilities. Y.Y.K. acknowledges support from the M2FINDERS project, which has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme (grant agreement No. 101018682). T.H. was supported by the Academy of Finland projects 317383, 320085, 322535, and 345899. S.K. acknowledges support from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement No. 771282.Peer ReviewedArticle signat per 164 autors/es: A. Albert, S. Alves, M. André, M. Ardid, S. Ardid, J.-J. Aubert, J. Aublin, B. Baret, S. Basa, Y. Becherini, B. Belhorma, M. Bendahman, F. Benfenati, V. Bertin, S. Biagi, M. Bissinger, J. Boumaaza, M. Bouta, M. C. Bouwhuis, H. Brânzaş, R. Bruijn, J. Brunner, J. Busto, B. Caiff, D. Calvo, S. Campion, A. Capone, L. Caramete, F. Carenini, J. Carr, V. Carretero, S. Celli, L. Cerisy, M. Chabab, R. Cherkaoui El Moursli, T. Chiarusi, M. Circella, J. A. B. Coelho, A. Coleiro, R. Coniglione, P. Coyle, A. Creusot, A. S. M. Cruz, A. F. Díaz, B. De Martino, C. Distefano, I. Di Palma, A. Domi, C. Donzaud, D. Dornic, D. Drouhin, T. Eberl, T. van Eeden, D. van Eijk, S. El Hedri, N. El Khayati, A. Enzenhöfer, P. Fermani, G. Ferrara, F. Filippini, L. Fusco, S. Gagliardini, J. García, C. Gatius Oliver, P. Gay, N. Geißelbrecht, H. Glotin, R. Gozzini, R. Gracia Ruiz, K. Graf, C. Guidi, L. Haegel, S. Hallmann, H. van Haren, A. J. Heijboer, Y. Hello, J. J. Hernández-Rey, J. Hößl, J. Hofestädt, F. Huang, G. Illuminati, C. W. James, B. Jisse-Jung, M. de Jong, P. de Jong, M. Kadler, O. Kalekin, U. Katz, A. Kouchner, Y. A Kovalev, Y. Y Kovalev, I. Kreykenbohm, V. Kulikovskiy, R. Lahmann, M. Lamoureux, A. Lazo, D. Lefèvre, E. Leonora, G. Levi, S. Le Stum, D. Lopez-Coto, S. Loucatos, L. Maderer, J. Manczak, M. Marcelin, A. Margiotta, A. Marinelli, J. A. Martínez-Mora, P. Migliozzi, A. Moussa, R. Muller, S. Navas, E. Nezri, B. Ó Fearraigh, E. Oukacha, A. Păun, G. E. Păvălaş, S. Peña-Martínez, M. Perrin-Terrin, V. Pestel, P. Piattelli, A. Plavin, C. Poirè, V. Popa, T. Pradier, A. Pushkarev, N. Randazzo, D. Real, S. Reck, G. Riccobene, A. Romanov, A. Sánchez-Losa, A. Saina, F. Salesa Greus, D. F. E. Samtleben, M. Sanguineti, P. Sapienza, J. Schnabel, J. Schumann, F. Schüssler, J. Seneca, M. Spurio, Th. Stolarczyk, M. Taiuti, Y. Tayalati, S. J. Tingay, S. Troitsky, B. Vallage, G. Vannoye, V. Van Elewyck, S. Viola, D. Vivolo, J. Wilms, S. Zavatarelli, A. Zegarelli, J. D. Zornoza, and J. Zúñiga, T. Hovatta, S. Kiehlmann, I. Liodakis, V. Pavlidou, and A. C. S ReadheadInstitute of Physics (IOP)20242024-03-0120242024-09-26journal articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501VoRhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85info:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttps://hdl.handle.net/2117/414964https://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad1f5breponame:UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPCinstname:Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC)Inglésengopen accesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Attribution 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:upcommons.upc.edu:2117/4149642026-05-27T15:37:01Z
score	15,81155

Searches for neutrinos in the direction of radio-bright blazars with the ANTARES telescope

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