Toenail zinc as a biomarker: Relationship with sources of environmental exposure and with genetic variability in MCC-Spain study

Background: Toenails are commonly used as biomarkers of exposure to zinc (Zn), but there is scarce information about their relationship with sources of exposure to Zn. Objectives: To investigate the main determinants of toenail Zn, including selected sources of environmental exposure to Zn and indiv...

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Authors: Gutiérrez-González, Enrique, Castaño Vinyals, Gemma, Espinosa, Ana, Kogevinas, Manolis, Pérez-Gómez, Beatriz
Format: article
Status:Published version
Publication Date:2022
Country:España
Institution:Universitat Pompeu Fabra
Repository:Repositorio Digital de la UPF
OAI Identifier:oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/55014
Online Access:http://hdl.handle.net/10230/55014
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2022.107525
Access Level:Open access
Keyword:Biomarker
Environmental exposure
Polygenic score
Single nucleotide polymorphism
Toenail
Zinc
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spelling Toenail zinc as a biomarker: Relationship with sources of environmental exposure and with genetic variability in MCC-Spain studyGutiérrez-González, EnriqueCastaño Vinyals, GemmaEspinosa, AnaKogevinas, ManolisPérez-Gómez, BeatrizBiomarkerEnvironmental exposurePolygenic scoreSingle nucleotide polymorphismToenailZincBackground: Toenails are commonly used as biomarkers of exposure to zinc (Zn), but there is scarce information about their relationship with sources of exposure to Zn. Objectives: To investigate the main determinants of toenail Zn, including selected sources of environmental exposure to Zn and individual genetic variability in Zn metabolism. Methods: We determined toenail Zn by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry in 3,448 general population controls from the MultiCase-Control study MCC-Spain. We assessed dietary and supplement Zn intake using food frequency questionnaires, residential proximity to Zn-emitting industries and residential topsoil Zn levels through interpolation methods. We constructed a polygenic score of genetic variability based on 81 single nucleotide polymorphisms in genes involved in Zn metabolism. Geometric mean ratios of toenail Zn across categories of each determinant were estimated from multivariate linear regression models on log-transformed toenail Zn. Results: Geometric mean toenail Zn was 104.1 µg/g in men and 100.3 µg/g in women. Geometric mean toenail Zn levels were 7 % lower (95 % confidence interval 1-13 %) in men older than 69 years and those in the upper tertile of fibre intake, and 9 % higher (3-16 %) in smoking men. Women residing within 3 km from Zn-emitting industries had 4 % higher geometric mean toenail Zn levels (0-9 %). Dietary Zn intake and polygenic score were unrelated to toenail Zn. Overall, the available determinants only explained 9.3 % of toenail Zn variability in men and 4.8 % in women. Discussion: Sociodemographic factors, lifestyle, diet, and environmental exposure explained little of the individual variability of toenail Zn in the study population. The available genetic variants related to Zn metabolism were not associated with toenail Zn.Elsevier202220222022info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdfapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10230/55014http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2022.107525reponame:Repositorio Digital de la UPFinstname:Universitat Pompeu FabraInglésEnviron Int. 2022 Nov;169:107525© 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by- nc-nd/4.0/).http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/550142026-06-12T07:21:37Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Toenail zinc as a biomarker: Relationship with sources of environmental exposure and with genetic variability in MCC-Spain study
title Toenail zinc as a biomarker: Relationship with sources of environmental exposure and with genetic variability in MCC-Spain study
spellingShingle Toenail zinc as a biomarker: Relationship with sources of environmental exposure and with genetic variability in MCC-Spain study
Gutiérrez-González, Enrique
Biomarker
Environmental exposure
Polygenic score
Single nucleotide polymorphism
Toenail
Zinc
title_short Toenail zinc as a biomarker: Relationship with sources of environmental exposure and with genetic variability in MCC-Spain study
title_full Toenail zinc as a biomarker: Relationship with sources of environmental exposure and with genetic variability in MCC-Spain study
title_fullStr Toenail zinc as a biomarker: Relationship with sources of environmental exposure and with genetic variability in MCC-Spain study
title_full_unstemmed Toenail zinc as a biomarker: Relationship with sources of environmental exposure and with genetic variability in MCC-Spain study
title_sort Toenail zinc as a biomarker: Relationship with sources of environmental exposure and with genetic variability in MCC-Spain study
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Gutiérrez-González, Enrique
Castaño Vinyals, Gemma
Espinosa, Ana
Kogevinas, Manolis
Pérez-Gómez, Beatriz
author Gutiérrez-González, Enrique
author_facet Gutiérrez-González, Enrique
Castaño Vinyals, Gemma
Espinosa, Ana
Kogevinas, Manolis
Pérez-Gómez, Beatriz
author_role author
author2 Castaño Vinyals, Gemma
Espinosa, Ana
Kogevinas, Manolis
Pérez-Gómez, Beatriz
author2_role author
author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Biomarker
Environmental exposure
Polygenic score
Single nucleotide polymorphism
Toenail
Zinc
topic Biomarker
Environmental exposure
Polygenic score
Single nucleotide polymorphism
Toenail
Zinc
description Background: Toenails are commonly used as biomarkers of exposure to zinc (Zn), but there is scarce information about their relationship with sources of exposure to Zn. Objectives: To investigate the main determinants of toenail Zn, including selected sources of environmental exposure to Zn and individual genetic variability in Zn metabolism. Methods: We determined toenail Zn by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry in 3,448 general population controls from the MultiCase-Control study MCC-Spain. We assessed dietary and supplement Zn intake using food frequency questionnaires, residential proximity to Zn-emitting industries and residential topsoil Zn levels through interpolation methods. We constructed a polygenic score of genetic variability based on 81 single nucleotide polymorphisms in genes involved in Zn metabolism. Geometric mean ratios of toenail Zn across categories of each determinant were estimated from multivariate linear regression models on log-transformed toenail Zn. Results: Geometric mean toenail Zn was 104.1 µg/g in men and 100.3 µg/g in women. Geometric mean toenail Zn levels were 7 % lower (95 % confidence interval 1-13 %) in men older than 69 years and those in the upper tertile of fibre intake, and 9 % higher (3-16 %) in smoking men. Women residing within 3 km from Zn-emitting industries had 4 % higher geometric mean toenail Zn levels (0-9 %). Dietary Zn intake and polygenic score were unrelated to toenail Zn. Overall, the available determinants only explained 9.3 % of toenail Zn variability in men and 4.8 % in women. Discussion: Sociodemographic factors, lifestyle, diet, and environmental exposure explained little of the individual variability of toenail Zn in the study population. The available genetic variants related to Zn metabolism were not associated with toenail Zn.
publishDate 2022
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2022
2022
2022
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10230/55014
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2022.107525
url http://hdl.handle.net/10230/55014
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2022.107525
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv Environ Int. 2022 Nov;169:107525
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Repositorio Digital de la UPF
instname:Universitat Pompeu Fabra
instname_str Universitat Pompeu Fabra
reponame_str Repositorio Digital de la UPF
collection Repositorio Digital de la UPF
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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score 15,811543

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