Impact of psychological distress on mortality in Spain. The importance of early detection and treatment of mental disorders.
Background: Mental health problems account for 14% of mortality worldwide. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between psychological distress and mortality in the Spanish adult population. Methods: Data came from a longitudinal study in population ≥15 years of age (n=21,005) who pa...
| Autores: | , , , |
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| Formato: | artículo |
| Fecha de publicación: | 2023 |
| País: | España |
| Recursos: | Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) |
| Repositorio: | Repisalud |
| Idioma: | inglés |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:repisalud.isciii.es:20.500.12105/25934 |
| Acesso em linha: | https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12105/25934 |
| Access Level: | acceso embargado |
| Palavra-chave: | Diagnosis Mortality Psychological distress Treatment Adult Cardiovascular Diseases Humans Longitudinal Studies Mental Disorders Mental Disorders / epidemiology Mental Disorders / therapy Neoplasms Psychological Distress Spain / epidemiology Stress, Psychological / psychology |
| Resumo: | Background: Mental health problems account for 14% of mortality worldwide. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between psychological distress and mortality in the Spanish adult population. Methods: Data came from a longitudinal study in population ≥15 years of age (n=21,005) who participated in the 2011-12 Spanish National Health Survey, which was linked to mortality records as of December 2020. Mental health was assessed with the GHQ-12, defining psychological distress as a dichotomous variable using a GHQ-12 score ≥3 as the cutoff point. Using Poisson regression, standardized mortality rate ratios (SRR) were estimated for all-cause, cardiovascular disease, and tumor-related mortality, adjusting for sociodemographic variables, lifestyles, and comorbidities. Results: The standardized overall mortality rate in individuals with and without psychological distress was 14.58 and 10.90 per 1000 person-years, respectively, estimating an SRR of 1.34 (95%CI: 1.19-1.50). The SRR for tumor-related mortality was 1.17 (95%CI: 0.90-1.53), and cardiovascular-related mortality was related to higher distress (GHQ-12 ≥ 4): SRR of 1.22 (95%CI: 0.98-1.51). Among psychological distressed individuals, the overall mortality SRR for those with a previous mental disorder diagnosis was 1.18 (95%CI: 0.91-1.53) versus 1.34 (95%CI: 1.18-1.54) for those without such diagnosis (p for interaction=0.067). Similarly, distressed participants taking prescription drugs for mental disorders had a lower mortality risk than those not taking them (p for interaction=0.016). Conclusions: Individuals with psychological distress had a higher risk of overall-, cardiovascular disease- and tumor-related mortality. This association was higher among participants not previously diagnosed with a mental disorder and those not taking medication for mental issues. |
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