Extracellular Vesicles in NAFLD/ALD: From Pathobiology to Therapy

In recent years, knowledge on the biology and pathobiology of extracellular vesicles (EVs) has exploded. EVs are submicron membrane-bound structures secreted from different cell types containing a wide variety of bioactive molecules (e.g., proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids (coding and non-coding R...

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Autores: Hernández, Alejandra, Arab, Juan Pablo, Reyes, Daniela, Lapitz Dambolenea, Ainhoa, Moshage, Han, Bañales Asurmendi, Jesús María, Arrese, Marco
Formato: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2020
País:España
Recursos:Universidad del País Vasco
Repositorio:Addi. Archivo Digital para la Docencia y la Investigación
OAI Identifier:oai:addi.ehu.eus:10810/72591
Acesso em linha:http://hdl.handle.net/10810/72591
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palavra-chave:nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
fatty liver
alcoholic liver disease
extracellular vesicles
signaling
exosomes
biomarkers
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dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Extracellular Vesicles in NAFLD/ALD: From Pathobiology to Therapy
title Extracellular Vesicles in NAFLD/ALD: From Pathobiology to Therapy
spellingShingle Extracellular Vesicles in NAFLD/ALD: From Pathobiology to Therapy
Hernández, Alejandra
nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
fatty liver
alcoholic liver disease
extracellular vesicles
signaling
exosomes
biomarkers
title_short Extracellular Vesicles in NAFLD/ALD: From Pathobiology to Therapy
title_full Extracellular Vesicles in NAFLD/ALD: From Pathobiology to Therapy
title_fullStr Extracellular Vesicles in NAFLD/ALD: From Pathobiology to Therapy
title_full_unstemmed Extracellular Vesicles in NAFLD/ALD: From Pathobiology to Therapy
title_sort Extracellular Vesicles in NAFLD/ALD: From Pathobiology to Therapy
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Hernández, Alejandra
Arab, Juan Pablo
Reyes, Daniela
Lapitz Dambolenea, Ainhoa
Moshage, Han
Bañales Asurmendi, Jesús María
Arrese, Marco
author Hernández, Alejandra
author_facet Hernández, Alejandra
Arab, Juan Pablo
Reyes, Daniela
Lapitz Dambolenea, Ainhoa
Moshage, Han
Bañales Asurmendi, Jesús María
Arrese, Marco
author_role author
author2 Arab, Juan Pablo
Reyes, Daniela
Lapitz Dambolenea, Ainhoa
Moshage, Han
Bañales Asurmendi, Jesús María
Arrese, Marco
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
fatty liver
alcoholic liver disease
extracellular vesicles
signaling
exosomes
biomarkers
topic nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
fatty liver
alcoholic liver disease
extracellular vesicles
signaling
exosomes
biomarkers
description In recent years, knowledge on the biology and pathobiology of extracellular vesicles (EVs) has exploded. EVs are submicron membrane-bound structures secreted from different cell types containing a wide variety of bioactive molecules (e.g., proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids (coding and non-coding RNA) and mitochondrial DNA). EVs have important functions in cell-to-cell communication and are found in a wide variety of tissues and body fluids. Better delineation of EV structures and advances in the isolation and characterization of their cargo have allowed the diagnostic and therapeutic implications of these particles to be explored. In the field of liver diseases, EVs are emerging as key players in the pathogenesis of both nonalcoholic liver disease (NAFLD) and alcoholic liver disease (ALD), the most prevalent liver diseases worldwide, and their complications, including development of hepatocellular carcinoma. In these diseases, stressed/damaged hepatocytes release large quantities of EVs that contribute to the occurrence of inflammation, fibrogenesis, and angiogenesis, which are key pathobiological processes in liver disease progression. Moreover, the specific molecular signatures of released EVs in biofluids have allowed EVs to be considered as promising candidates to serve as disease biomarkers. Additionally, different experimental studies have shown that EVs may have potential for therapeutic use as a liver-specific delivery method of different agents, taking advantage of their hepatocellular uptake through interactions with specific receptors. In this review, we focused on the most recent findings concerning the role of EVs as new structures mediating autocrine and paracrine intercellular communication in both ALD and NAFLD, as well as their potential use as biomarkers of disease severity and progression. Emerging therapeutic applications of EVs in these liver diseases were also examined, along with the potential for successful transition from bench to clinic.
publishDate 2020
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2020
2025
2025
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
format article
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10810/72591
url http://hdl.handle.net/10810/72591
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv https://doi.org/10.3390/cells9040817
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv MDPI
publisher.none.fl_str_mv MDPI
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Addi. Archivo Digital para la Docencia y la Investigación
instname:Universidad del País Vasco
instname_str Universidad del País Vasco
reponame_str Addi. Archivo Digital para la Docencia y la Investigación
collection Addi. Archivo Digital para la Docencia y la Investigación
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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spelling Extracellular Vesicles in NAFLD/ALD: From Pathobiology to TherapyHernández, AlejandraArab, Juan PabloReyes, DanielaLapitz Dambolenea, AinhoaMoshage, HanBañales Asurmendi, Jesús MaríaArrese, Marcononalcoholic fatty liver diseasefatty liveralcoholic liver diseaseextracellular vesiclessignalingexosomesbiomarkersIn recent years, knowledge on the biology and pathobiology of extracellular vesicles (EVs) has exploded. EVs are submicron membrane-bound structures secreted from different cell types containing a wide variety of bioactive molecules (e.g., proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids (coding and non-coding RNA) and mitochondrial DNA). EVs have important functions in cell-to-cell communication and are found in a wide variety of tissues and body fluids. Better delineation of EV structures and advances in the isolation and characterization of their cargo have allowed the diagnostic and therapeutic implications of these particles to be explored. In the field of liver diseases, EVs are emerging as key players in the pathogenesis of both nonalcoholic liver disease (NAFLD) and alcoholic liver disease (ALD), the most prevalent liver diseases worldwide, and their complications, including development of hepatocellular carcinoma. In these diseases, stressed/damaged hepatocytes release large quantities of EVs that contribute to the occurrence of inflammation, fibrogenesis, and angiogenesis, which are key pathobiological processes in liver disease progression. Moreover, the specific molecular signatures of released EVs in biofluids have allowed EVs to be considered as promising candidates to serve as disease biomarkers. Additionally, different experimental studies have shown that EVs may have potential for therapeutic use as a liver-specific delivery method of different agents, taking advantage of their hepatocellular uptake through interactions with specific receptors. In this review, we focused on the most recent findings concerning the role of EVs as new structures mediating autocrine and paracrine intercellular communication in both ALD and NAFLD, as well as their potential use as biomarkers of disease severity and progression. Emerging therapeutic applications of EVs in these liver diseases were also examined, along with the potential for successful transition from bench to clinic.This article was partially supported by the Chilean government through the “Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico” (FONDECYT 1191145 to M.A. and 1200227 to J.P.A.) and the Comisión Nacional de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica (grant CONICYT PIA/Basal PFB12, Basal Centre for Excellence in Science and Technology to M.A.). Support from the “Vicerrectoría de Investigación de la Pontificia Universidad Católica” (grant-in-aid to support short research visits abroad, PEBI1913) is also acknowledged. J.M.B is funded by Spanish Carlos III Health Institute (ISCIII) [FIS PI15/01132, PI18/01075 and Miguel Servet Program CON14/00129) cofinanced by “Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional” (FEDER), CIBERehd (ISCIII), “Diputación Foral Gipuzkoa” (DFG15/010, DFG16/004), BIOEF (Basque Foundation for Innovation and Health Research: EiTB Maratoia BIO15/CA/016/BD), Department of Health of the Basque Country (2017111010), Euskadi RIS3 (2016222001, 2017222014, 2018222029, 2019222054), La Caixa Scientific Foundation (HR17-00601), “Fundación Científica de la Asociación Española Contra el Cáncer” (AECC Scientific Foundation, Rare Cancers grant 2017). M.A. and J.M.B. are funded by the European Horizon 2020 program (ESCALON project: SEP-210503876). A.L. is funded by the by the Basque Government (PRE_2017_1_0345).MDPI202520252020info:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10810/72591reponame:Addi. Archivo Digital para la Docencia y la Investigacióninstname:Universidad del País VascoIngléshttps://doi.org/10.3390/cells9040817info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/© 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).oai:addi.ehu.eus:10810/725912026-06-18T09:23:17Z
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