Numerical computation of the electromagnetic bias in GNSS-R altimetry
In radar altimetry, the electromagnetic (EM) bias is originated by the smaller reflectivity of wave crests than troughs; thus, the average sea surface height is underestimated. Bias uncertainty is currently the largest factor in altimetry error budgets. The EM bias in a bistatic forward-scattering c...
| Autores: | , , |
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| Tipo de recurso: | artículo |
| Fecha de publicación: | 2016 |
| País: | España |
| Institución: | Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC) |
| Repositorio: | UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPC |
| Idioma: | inglés |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:upcommons.upc.edu:2117/81812 |
| Acceso en línea: | https://hdl.handle.net/2117/81812 https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2015.2460212 |
| Access Level: | acceso abierto |
| Palabra clave: | Remote sensing Altitudes -- Measurement Electromagnetic bias Global Navigation Satellite Systems-Reflectometry (GNSS-R) Ocean altimetry Scattering Surface tange measurements Sea-state bias Rough-surface Ocean surface Hydrodynamic modulation Waves Backscattering Satellite Elevation Teledetecció Altituds -- Mesurament Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Enginyeria de la telecomunicació::Radiocomunicació i exploració electromagnètica::Teledetecció Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Enginyeria agroalimentària::Ciències de la terra i de la vida |
| Sumario: | In radar altimetry, the electromagnetic (EM) bias is originated by the smaller reflectivity of wave crests than troughs; thus, the average sea surface height is underestimated. Bias uncertainty is currently the largest factor in altimetry error budgets. The EM bias in a bistatic forward-scattering configuration at L-band, such as in Global Navigation Satellite Systems Reflectometry (GNSS-R) altimetry, remains one of the major sources of uncertainty in the altimetry error budget. In this paper, the EM bias is computed using numerical simulations. To do so, a time-dependent synthetic non-Gaussian sea surface is created using the Pierson-Moskowitz and Elfouhaily sea surface height spectra and spreading function. The sea surface is then discretized in facets and |
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