Numerical computation of the electromagnetic bias in GNSS-R altimetry

In radar altimetry, the electromagnetic (EM) bias is originated by the smaller reflectivity of wave crests than troughs; thus, the average sea surface height is underestimated. Bias uncertainty is currently the largest factor in altimetry error budgets. The EM bias in a bistatic forward-scattering c...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Ghavidel, Ali, Schiavulli, Domenico, Camps Carmona, Adriano José|||0000-0002-9514-4992
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2016
País:España
Institución:Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC)
Repositorio:UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPC
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:upcommons.upc.edu:2117/81812
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/2117/81812
https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2015.2460212
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Remote sensing
Altitudes -- Measurement
Electromagnetic bias
Global Navigation Satellite Systems-Reflectometry (GNSS-R)
Ocean altimetry
Scattering
Surface tange measurements
Sea-state bias
Rough-surface
Ocean surface
Hydrodynamic modulation
Waves
Backscattering
Satellite
Elevation
Teledetecció
Altituds -- Mesurament
Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Enginyeria de la telecomunicació::Radiocomunicació i exploració electromagnètica::Teledetecció
Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Enginyeria agroalimentària::Ciències de la terra i de la vida
Descripción
Sumario:In radar altimetry, the electromagnetic (EM) bias is originated by the smaller reflectivity of wave crests than troughs; thus, the average sea surface height is underestimated. Bias uncertainty is currently the largest factor in altimetry error budgets. The EM bias in a bistatic forward-scattering configuration at L-band, such as in Global Navigation Satellite Systems Reflectometry (GNSS-R) altimetry, remains one of the major sources of uncertainty in the altimetry error budget. In this paper, the EM bias is computed using numerical simulations. To do so, a time-dependent synthetic non-Gaussian sea surface is created using the Pierson-Moskowitz and Elfouhaily sea surface height spectra and spreading function. The sea surface is then discretized in facets and